Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The impact of flavour changing neutral gauge bosons on \( \bar{B} \to {X_s}\gamma \)

  • Published:
Journal of High Energy Physics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The branching ratio of the rare decay \( \bar{B} \to {X_s}\gamma \) provides potentially strong constraints on models beyond the Standard Model. Considering a general scenario with new heavy neutral gauge bosons, present in particular in Z′ and gauge flavour models, we point out two new contributions to the \( \bar{B} \to {X_s}\gamma \) decay. The first one originates from one-loop diagrams mediated by gauge bosons and heavy exotic quarks with electric charge −1/3. The second contribution stems from the QCD mixing of neutral current-current operators generated by heavy neutral gauge bosons and the dipole operators responsible for the \( \bar{B} \to {X_s}\gamma \) decay. The latter mixing is calculated here for the first time. We discuss general sum rules which have to be satisfied in any model of this type. We emphasise that the neutral gauge bosons in question could also significantly affect other fermion radiative decays as well as non-leptonic two-body B decays, ϵ′/ϵ, anomalous (g − 2) μ and electric dipole moments.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. P. Langacker, The physics of heavy Z-prime gauge bosons, Rev. Mod. Phys. 81 (2009) 1199 [arXiv:0801.1345] [SPIRES].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  2. E. Salvioni, G. Villadoro and F. Zwirner, Minimal Z’ models: present bounds and early LHC reach, JHEP 11 (2009) 068 [arXiv:0909.1320] [SPIRES].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  3. E. Salvioni, A. Strumia, G. Villadoro and F. Zwirner, Non-universal minimal Z’ models: present bounds and early LHC reach, JHEP 03 (2010) 010 [arXiv:0911.1450] [SPIRES].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  4. E. Accomando, A. Belyaev, L. Fedeli, S.F. King and C. Shepherd-Themistocleous, Z’ physics with early LHC data, Phys. Rev. D 83 (2011) 075012 [arXiv:1010.6058] [SPIRES].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. R.N. Mohapatra, Gauge model for chiral symmetry breaking and muon electron mass ratio, Phys. Rev. D 9 (1974) 3461 [SPIRES].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. S.M. Barr and A. Zee, Calculating the electron mass in terms of measured quantities, Phys. Rev. D 17 (1978) 1854 [SPIRES].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  7. C.L. Ong, Adding a horizontal gauge symmetry to the Weinberg-Salam model: an eight quark model, Phys. Rev. D 19 (1979) 2738 [SPIRES].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  8. F. Wilczek and A. Zee, Horizontal interaction and weak mixing angles, Phys. Rev. Lett. 42 (1979) 421 [SPIRES].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  9. J. Chakrabarti, Horizontal gauge symmetry and a new picture for the b quark, Phys. Rev. D 20 (1979) 2411 [SPIRES].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. T. Maehara and T. Yanagida, Gauge symmetry of horizontal flavor, Prog. Theor. Phys. 61 (1979) 1434 [SPIRES].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  11. A. Davidson, M. Koca and K.C. Wali, U(1) as the minimal horizontal gauge symmetry, Phys. Rev. Lett. 43 (1979) 92 [SPIRES].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  12. J. Chakrabarti, M. Popovic and R.N. Mohapatra, Problem of fermion generations in grand unified theories, Phys. Rev. D 21 (1980) 3212 [SPIRES].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  13. Z.G. Berezhiani and J.L. Chkareuli, Quark-leptonic families in a model with SU(5) × SU(3) symmetry. (In russian), Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. 37 (1983) 618 [SPIRES].

    Google Scholar 

  14. Z.G. Berezhiani, The weak mixing angles in gauge models with horizontal symmetry: a new approach to quark and lepton masses, Phys. Lett. B 129 (1983) 99 [SPIRES].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  15. Z.G. Berezhiani and M.Y. Khlopov, The theory of broken gauge symmetry of generations, Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. 51 (1990) 739 [SPIRES].

    Google Scholar 

  16. G. Altarelli and F. Feruglio, Discrete flavor symmetries and models of neutrino mixing, Rev. Mod. Phys. 82 (2010) 2701 [arXiv:1002.0211] [SPIRES].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  17. H. Ishimori, T. Kobayashi, Y. Omura and M. Tanimoto, Soft supersymmetry breaking terms from A 4 lepton flavor symmetry, JHEP 12 (2008) 082 [arXiv:0807.4625] [SPIRES].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  18. F. Feruglio, C. Hagedorn, Y. Lin and L. Merlo, Lepton flavour violation in models with A 4 flavour symmetry, Nucl. Phys. B 809 (2009) 218 [arXiv:0807.3160] [SPIRES].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  19. A. Hayakawa, H. Ishimori, Y. Shimizu and M. Tanimoto, Deviation from tri-bimaximal mixing and flavor symmetry breaking in a seesaw type A 4 model, Phys. Lett. B 680 (2009) 334 [arXiv:0904.3820] [SPIRES].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  20. H. Ishimori, T. Kobayashi, H. Okada, Y. Shimizu and M. Tanimoto, ∆54 flavor model for leptons and sleptons, JHEP 12 (2009) 054 [arXiv:0907.2006] [SPIRES].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  21. F. Feruglio, C. Hagedorn and L. Merlo, Vacuum alignment in SUSY A 4 models, JHEP 03 (2010) 084 [arXiv:0910.4058] [SPIRES].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  22. F. Feruglio, C. Hagedorn, Y. Lin and L. Merlo, Lepton flavour violation in a supersymmetric model with A 4 flavour symmetry, Nucl. Phys. B 832 (2010) 251 [arXiv:0911.3874] [SPIRES].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  23. C. Hagedorn, E. Molinaro and S.T. Petcov, Charged lepton flavour violating radiative decays ℓ i  → ℓ j  + γ in see-saw models with A 4 symmetry, JHEP 02 (2010) 047 [arXiv:0911.3605] [SPIRES].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  24. F. Feruglio and A. Paris, Rare muon and tau decays in A 4 models, Nucl. Phys. B 840 (2010) 405 [arXiv:1005.5526] [SPIRES].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  25. R. de Adelhart Toorop, F. Bazzocchi, L. Merlo and A. Paris, Constraining flavour symmetries at the EW scale I: the A 4 Higgs potential, JHEP 03 (2011) 035 [arXiv:1012.1791] [SPIRES].

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. R. de Adelhart Toorop, F. Bazzocchi, L. Merlo and A. Paris, Constraining flavour symmetries at the EW scale II: the fermion processes, JHEP 03 (2011) 040 [arXiv:1012.2091] [SPIRES].

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. L. Merlo, S. Rigolin and B. Zaldivar, Flavour violation in a supersymmetric T′ model, arXiv:1108.1795 [SPIRES].

  28. B. Grinstein, M. Redi and G. Villadoro, Low scale flavor gauge symmetries, JHEP 11 (2010) 067 [arXiv:1009.2049] [SPIRES].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  29. T. Feldmann, See-saw masses for quarks and leptons in SU(5), JHEP 04 (2011) 043 [arXiv:1010.2116] [SPIRES].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  30. D. Guadagnoli, R.N. Mohapatra and I. Sung, Gauged flavor group with left-right symmetry, JHEP 04 (2011) 093 [arXiv:1103.4170] [SPIRES].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  31. M.E. Albrecht, T. Feldmann and T. Mannel, Goldstone bosons in effective theories with spontaneously broken flavour symmetry, JHEP 10 (2010) 089 [arXiv:1002.4798] [SPIRES].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  32. D. Cocolicchio, G. Costa, G.L. Fogli, J.H. Kim and A. Masiero, Rare b decays in left-right symmetric models, Phys. Rev. D 40 (1989) 1477 [SPIRES].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  33. G.M. Asatryan and A.N. Ioannisyan, The decay b → sγ in the SU(2) L  × SU(2) R  × U(1) model, Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. 51 (1990) 858 [SPIRES].

    Google Scholar 

  34. P.L. Cho and M. Misiak, b → sγ decay in SU(2) L  × SU(2) r  × U(1) extensions of the standard model, Phys. Rev. D 49 (1994) 5894 [hep-ph/9310332] [SPIRES].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  35. M. Blanke et al., Particle antiparticle mixing, ϵ K , ∆(Γ q ), A SL q , A CP(B d  → ψK S ), A CP(B s  → ψΦ) and B → s, dγ in the littlest Higgs model with T-parity, JHEP 12 (2006) 003 [hep-ph/0605214] [SPIRES].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  36. A.J. Buras, C. Grojean, S. Pokorski and R. Ziegler, FCNC effects in a minimal theory of fermion masses, JHEP 08 (2011) 028 [arXiv:1105.3725] [SPIRES].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  37. G. D’Ambrosio, G.F. Giudice, G. Isidori and A. Strumia, Minimal flavour violation: an effective field theory approach, Nucl. Phys. B 645 (2002) 155 [hep-ph/0207036] [SPIRES].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  38. V. Cirigliano, B. Grinstein, G. Isidori and M.B. Wise, Minimal flavor violation in the lepton sector, Nucl. Phys. B 728 (2005) 121 [hep-ph/0507001] [SPIRES].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  39. S. Davidson and F. Palorini, Various definitions of minimal flavour violation for leptons, Phys. Lett. B 642 (2006) 72 [hep-ph/0607329] [SPIRES].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  40. R. Alonso, G. Isidori, L. Merlo, L.A. Muñoz and E. Nardi, Minimal flavour violation extensions of the seesaw, JHEP 06 (2011) 037 [arXiv:1103.5461] [SPIRES].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  41. C.D. Froggatt and H.B. Nielsen, Hierarchy of quark masses, Cabibbo angles and CP-violation, Nucl. Phys. B 147 (1979) 277 [SPIRES].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  42. R.S. Chivukula and H. Georgi, Composite technicolor standard model, Phys. Lett. B 188 (1987) 99 [SPIRES].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  43. R. Alonso, M.B. Gavela, L. Merlo and S. Rigolin, On the scalar potential of minimal flavour violation, JHEP 07 (2011) 012 [arXiv:1103.2915] [SPIRES].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  44. M.B. Green and J.H. Schwarz, Anomaly cancellation in supersymmetric D = 10 gauge theory and superstring theory, Phys. Lett. B 149 (1984) 117 [SPIRES].

    ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  45. A.J. Buras, M.V. Carlucci, L. Merlo and E. Stamou, Phenomenology of maximal gauge flavour models, work in progress.

  46. T. Inami and C.S. Lim, Effects of superheavy quarks and leptons in low-energy weak processes \( {k_L} \to \mu \bar{\mu } \) , K + → π + neutrino anti-neutrino and \( {K^0} \leftrightarrow {\bar{K}^0} \), Prog. Theor. Phys. 65 (1981) 297 [SPIRES].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  47. C. Bobeth, M. Misiak and J. Urban, Matching conditions for b → sγ and b → s gluon in extensions of the standard model, Nucl. Phys. B 567 (2000) 153 [hep-ph/9904413] [SPIRES].

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. C. Bobeth, M. Misiak and J. Urban, Photonic penguins at two loops and m(t)-dependence of BR(B → X(s)ℓ + ℓ −), Nucl. Phys. B 574 (2000) 291 [hep-ph/9910220] [SPIRES].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  49. P. Langacker and M. Plümacher, Flavor changing effects in theories with a heavy Z-prime boson with family nonuniversal couplings, Phys. Rev. D 62 (2000) 013006 [hep-ph/0001204] [SPIRES].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  50. M. Misiak et al., The first estimate of \( B\left( {\bar{B} \to {X_s}\gamma } \right) \) at O(α s 2), Phys. Rev. Lett. 98 (2007) 022002 [hep-ph/0609232] [SPIRES].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  51. M. Ciuchini, E. Franco, L. Reina and L. Silvestrini, Leading order QCD corrections to b → s gamma and b → s g decays in three regularization schemes, Nucl. Phys. B 421 (1994) 41 [hep-ph/9311357] [SPIRES].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  52. G. Buchalla, A.J. Buras and M.E. Lautenbacher, Weak decays beyond leading logarithms, Rev. Mod. Phys. 68 (1996) 1125 [hep-ph/9512380] [SPIRES].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  53. A.J. Buras, Weak Hamiltonian, CP-violation and rare decays, hep-ph/9806471 [SPIRES].

  54. A.J. Buras, M. Jamin and M.E. Lautenbacher, The anatomy of epsilon-prime/epsilon beyond leading logarithms with improved hadronic matrix elements, Nucl. Phys. B 408 (1993) 209 [hep-ph/9303284] [SPIRES].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  55. G. Buchalla, A.J. Buras and M.K. Harlander, The anatomy of epsilon-prime/epsilon in the standard model, Nucl. Phys. B 337 (1990) 313 [SPIRES].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  56. M. Jamin and A. Pich, QCD corrections to inclusive ∆S = 1, 2 transitions at the next-to-leading order, Nucl. Phys. B 425 (1994) 15 [hep-ph/9402363] [SPIRES].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  57. A.J. Buras, M. Misiak and J. Urban, Two-loop QCD anomalous dimensions of flavour-changing four-quark operators within and beyond the standard model, Nucl. Phys. B 586 (2000) 397 [hep-ph/0005183] [SPIRES].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  58. M. Ciuchini, E. Franco, G. Martinelli, L. Reina and L. Silvestrini, Scheme independence of the effective Hamiltonian for b → s gamma and b → s g decays, Phys. Lett. B 316 (1993) 127 [hep-ph/9307364] [SPIRES].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  59. P. Gambino and M. Misiak, Quark mass effects in B → X s γ, Nucl. Phys. B 611 (2001) 338 [hep-ph/0104034] [SPIRES].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  60. M. Misiak and M. Steinhauser, NNLO QCD corrections to the B → X s γ matrix elements using interpolation in m c , Nucl. Phys. B 764 (2007) 62 [hep-ph/0609241] [SPIRES].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  61. Particle Data Group collaboration, K. Nakamura et al., Review of particle physics, J. Phys. G 37 (2010) 075021 [SPIRES].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  62. A. Ali, G.F. Giudice and T. Mannel, Towards a model independent analysis of rare B decays, Z. Phys. C 67 (1995) 417 [hep-ph/9408213] [SPIRES].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  63. P.L. Cho, M. Misiak and D. Wyler, K L  → π 0 e + e − and B → X s ℓ+ℓ− decay in the MSSM, Phys. Rev. D 54 (1996) 3329 [hep-ph/9601360] [SPIRES].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  64. J.L. Hewett and J.D. Wells, Searching for supersymmetry in rare B decays, Phys. Rev. D 55 (1997) 5549 [hep-ph/9610323] [SPIRES].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  65. T. Goto, Y. Okada and Y. Shimizu, Flavor changing neutral current processes in B and K decays in the supergravity model, Phys. Rev. D 58 (1998) 094006 [hep-ph/9804294] [SPIRES].

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  66. P. Gambino, U. Haisch and M. Misiak, Determining the sign of the b → sγ amplitude, Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 (2005) 061803 [hep-ph/0410155] [SPIRES].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  67. M. Albrecht, W. Altmannshofer, A.J. Buras, D. Guadagnoli and D.M. Straub, Challenging SO(10) SUSY GUTs with family symmetries through FCNC processes, JHEP 10 (2007) 055 [arXiv:0707.3954] [SPIRES].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  68. BABAR collaboration, B. Aubert et al., Measurement of the B → X s ℓ+ℓ− branching fraction with a sum over exclusive modes, Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 (2004) 081802 [hep-ex/0404006] [SPIRES].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  69. Belle collaboration, K. Abe et al., Improved measurement of the electroweak penguin process B → X s ℓ+ℓ−, hep-ex/0408119 [SPIRES].

  70. CKMfitter Group collaboration, J. Charles et al., CP violation and the CKM matrix: assessing the impact of the asymmetric B factories, Eur. Phys. J. C 41 (2005) 1 [hep-ph/0406184] [SPIRES].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Strasse, D-85748, Garching, Germany

    Andrzej J. Buras, Luca Merlo & Emmanuel Stamou

  2. TUM Institute for Advanced Study, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 2a, D-85748, Garching, Germany

    Andrzej J. Buras, Luca Merlo & Emmanuel Stamou

  3. Excellence Cluster Universe, Technische Universität München, Boltzmannstrasse 2, D-85748, Garching, Germany

    Emmanuel Stamou

Authors
  1. Andrzej J. Buras
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Luca Merlo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Emmanuel Stamou
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Luca Merlo.

Additional information

ArXiv ePrint: 1105.5146

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Buras, A.J., Merlo, L. & Stamou, E. The impact of flavour changing neutral gauge bosons on \( \bar{B} \to {X_s}\gamma \) . J. High Energ. Phys. 2011, 124 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP08(2011)124

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP08(2011)124

Keywords

Search

Navigation