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Directed flow from C-odd gluon correlations at small x

  • Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
  • Open access
  • Published: 23 July 2018
  • Volume 2018, article number 140, (2018)
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Directed flow from C-odd gluon correlations at small x
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  • Daniël Boer1,
  • Tom van Daal2,3,
  • Piet J. Mulders2,3 &
  • …
  • Elena Petreska2,3 

  • 436 Accesses

  • 17 Citations

  • 1 Altmetric

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A preprint version of the article is available at arXiv.

Abstract

It is shown that odd harmonic azimuthal correlations, including the directed flow v1, in forward two-particle production in peripheral proton-nucleus (pA) collisions can arise simply from the radial nuclear profile of a large nucleus. This requires consideration of the C-odd part of the gluonic generalized transverse momentum dependent (GTMD) correlator of nucleons in the nucleus. The gluonic GTMD correlator is the Fourier transform of an off-forward hadronic matrix element containing gluonic field strength tensors that are connected by gauge links. It is parametrized in terms of various gluon GTMD distribution functions (GTMDs). We show (in a gauge invariant way) that for the relevant dipole-type gauge link structure in the small-x limit the GTMD correlator reduces to a generalized Wilson loop correlator. The Wilson loop correlator is parametrized in terms of a single function, implying that in the region of small x there is only one independent dipole-type GTMD, which can have a C-odd part. We show that the odderon Wigner distribution, which is related to this C-odd dipole GTMD by a Fourier transform, generates odd harmonics in the two-particle azimuthal correlations in peripheral pA collisions. We calculate the first odd harmonic v1 for forward production within the color glass condensate framework in the limit of a large number of colors. We find that nonzero odd harmonics are present without breaking the rotational symmetry of the nucleus, arising just from its inhomogeneity in the radial direction. Using a CGC model with a cubic action, we illustrate that percent level v1 can arise from this C-odd mechanism. In contrast, we show that only even harmonics arise in diffractive dijet production in ultra-peripheral pA collisions where this gluon dipole GTMD also appears.

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  1. Van Swinderen Institute for Particle Physics and Gravity, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, NL-9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands

    Daniël Boer

  2. Department of Physics and Astronomy, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, NL-1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Tom van Daal, Piet J. Mulders & Elena Petreska

  3. Nikhef, Science Park 105, NL-1098 XG, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Tom van Daal, Piet J. Mulders & Elena Petreska

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  1. Daniël Boer
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  2. Tom van Daal
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Correspondence to Elena Petreska.

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ArXiv ePrint: 1805.05219

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Boer, D., van Daal, T., Mulders, P.J. et al. Directed flow from C-odd gluon correlations at small x. J. High Energ. Phys. 2018, 140 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP07(2018)140

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  • Received: 27 May 2018

  • Revised: 29 June 2018

  • Accepted: 13 July 2018

  • Published: 23 July 2018

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP07(2018)140

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Keywords

  • Phenomenological Models
  • QCD Phenomenology
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