Abstract
We explore the experimental sensitivities of measuring the gg → Zγ process at the LHC to the dimension-8 quartic couplings of gluon pairs to the Z boson and photon, in addition to comparing them with the analogous sensitivities in the gg → γγ process. These processes can both receive contributions from 4 different CP-conserving dimension-8 operators with distinct Lorentz structures that contain a pair of gluon field strengths, \( {\hat{G}}_{\mu v}^a \), and a pair of electroweak SU(2) gauge field strengths, \( {W}_{\mu v}^i \), as well as 4 similar operators containing a pair of \( {\hat{G}}_{\mu v}^a \) and a pair of U(1) gauge field strengths, Bμν. We calculate the scattering angular distributions for gg → Zγ and the Z → \( \overline{f}f \) decay angular distributions for these 4 Lorentz structures, as well as the Standard Model background. We analyze the sensitivity of ATLAS measurements of the Z(→ ℓ+ℓ−, \( \overline{\nu}\nu \), \( \overline{q}q \))γ final states with integrated luminosities up to 139 fb−1 at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV, showing that they exclude values ≲ 2 TeV for the dimension-8 operator scales, and compare the Zγ sensitivity with that of an ATLAS measurement of the γγ final state. We present combined Zγ and γγ constraints on the scales of dimension-8 SMEFT operators and γγ constraints on the nonlinearity scale of the Born-Infeld extension of the Standard Model. We also estimate the sensitivities to dimension-8 operators of experiments at possible future proton-proton colliders with centre-of-mass energies of 25, 50 and 100 TeV, and discuss possible measurements of the Z spin and angular correlations.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
I. Brivio et al., Disentangling a dynamical Higgs, JHEP 03 (2014) 024 [arXiv:1311.1823] [INSPIRE].
D.R. Green, P. Meade and M.-A. Pleier, Multiboson interactions at the LHC, Rev. Mod. Phys. 89 (2017) 035008 [arXiv:1610.07572] [INSPIRE].
M. Rauch, Vector-Boson Fusion and Vector-Boson Scattering, arXiv:1610.08420 [INSPIRE].
J. Ellis, M. Madigan, K. Mimasu, V. Sanz and T. You, Top, Higgs, Diboson and Electroweak Fit to the Standard Model Effective Field Theory, JHEP 04 (2021) 279 [arXiv:2012.02779] [INSPIRE].
SMEFiT collaboration, Combined SMEFT interpretation of Higgs, diboson, and top quark data from the LHC, JHEP 11 (2021) 089 [arXiv:2105.00006] [INSPIRE].
J. Ellis, N.E. Mavromatos and T. You, Light-by-Light Scattering Constraint on Born-Infeld Theory, Phys. Rev. Lett. 118 (2017) 261802 [arXiv:1703.08450] [INSPIRE].
J. Ellis and S.-F. Ge, Constraining Gluonic Quartic Gauge Coupling Operators with gg → γγ, Phys. Rev. Lett. 121 (2018) 041801 [arXiv:1802.02416] [INSPIRE].
J. Ellis, S.-F. Ge, H.-J. He and R.-Q. Xiao, Probing the scale of new physics in the ZZγ coupling at e+e− colliders, Chin. Phys. C 44 (2020) 063106 [arXiv:1902.06631] [INSPIRE].
J. Ellis, H.-J. He and R.-Q. Xiao, Probing new physics in dimension-8 neutral gauge couplings at e+e− colliders, Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron. 64 (2021) 221062 [arXiv:2008.04298] [INSPIRE].
W. Heisenberg and H. Euler, Consequences of Dirac’s theory of positrons, Z. Phys. 98 (1936) 714 [physics/0605038] [INSPIRE].
D. Bardin, L. Kalinovskaya and E. Uglov, Standard Model light-by-light scattering in SANC: analytic and numeric evaluation, Phys. Atom. Nucl. 73 (2010) 1878 [arXiv:0911.5634] [INSPIRE].
M. Born and L. Infeld, Foundations of the new field theory, Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. A 144 (1934) 425 [INSPIRE].
E.S. Fradkin and A.A. Tseytlin, Nonlinear Electrodynamics from Quantized Strings, Phys. Lett. B 163 (1985) 123 [INSPIRE].
A.A. Tseytlin, Born-Infeld action, supersymmetry and string theory, in The Many Faces of the Superworld, pp. 417–452 (2000) [DOI] [hep-th/9908105] [INSPIRE].
C. Cheung, K. Kampf, J. Novotny, C.-H. Shen, J. Trnka and C. Wen, Vector Effective Field Theories from Soft Limits, Phys. Rev. Lett. 120 (2018) 261602 [arXiv:1801.01496] [INSPIRE].
ATLAS collaboration, Evidence for light-by-light scattering in heavy-ion collisions with the ATLAS detector at the LHC, Nature Phys. 13 (2017) 852 [arXiv:1702.01625] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Evidence for light-by-light scattering and searches for axion-like particles in ultraperipheral PbPb collisions at \( \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} \) = 5.02 TeV, Phys. Lett. B 797 (2019) 134826 [arXiv:1810.04602] [INSPIRE].
TOTEM and CMS collaborations, First search for exclusive diphoton production at high mass with tagged protons in proton-proton collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV, arXiv:2110.05916 [INSPIRE].
ATLAS collaboration, Search for new phenomena in high-mass diphoton final states using 37 fb−1 of proton-proton collisions collected at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector, Phys. Lett. B 775 (2017) 105 [arXiv:1707.04147] [INSPIRE].
ATLAS collaboration, Measurement of the Z(→ ℓ+ℓ−)γ production cross-section in pp collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector, JHEP 03 (2020) 054 [arXiv:1911.04813] [INSPIRE].
ATLAS collaboration, Measurement of the Zγ → \( \nu \overline{\nu}\gamma \) production cross section in pp collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector and limits on anomalous triple gauge-boson couplings, JHEP 12 (2018) 010 [arXiv:1810.04995] [INSPIRE].
ATLAS collaboration, Search for heavy resonances decaying to a photon and a hadronically decaying Z/W/H boson in pp collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector, Phys. Rev. D 98 (2018) 032015 [arXiv:1805.01908] [INSPIRE].
W. Buchmüller and D. Wyler, Effective Lagrangian Analysis of New Interactions and Flavor Conservation, Nucl. Phys. B 268 (1986) 621 [INSPIRE].
C. Garcia-Garcia, M. Herrero and R.A. Morales, Unitarization effects in EFT predictions of WZ scattering at the LHC, Phys. Rev. D 100 (2019) 096003 [arXiv:1907.06668] [INSPIRE].
K. Arnold et al., VBFNLO: A Parton level Monte Carlo for processes with electroweak bosons, Comput. Phys. Commun. 180 (2009) 1661 [arXiv:0811.4559] [INSPIRE].
J.M. Cornwall, D.N. Levin and G. Tiktopoulos, Derivation of Gauge Invariance from High-Energy Unitarity Bounds on the s Matrix, Phys. Rev. D 10 (1974) 1145 [Erratum ibid. 11 (1975) 972] [INSPIRE].
J. Ohnemus, Order α−s calculations of hadronic W±γ and Zγ production, Phys. Rev. D 47 (1993) 940 [INSPIRE].
J. Alwall et al., The automated computation of tree-level and next-to-leading order differential cross sections, and their matching to parton shower simulations, JHEP 07 (2014) 079 [arXiv:1405.0301] [INSPIRE].
A. Alloul, N.D. Christensen, C. Degrande, C. Duhr and B. Fuks, FeynRules 2.0 — A complete toolbox for tree-level phenomenology, Comput. Phys. Commun. 185 (2014) 2250 [arXiv:1310.1921] [INSPIRE].
C. Degrande, C. Duhr, B. Fuks, D. Grellscheid, O. Mattelaer and T. Reiter, UFO — The Universal FeynRules Output, Comput. Phys. Commun. 183 (2012) 1201 [arXiv:1108.2040] [INSPIRE].
S.-F. Ge, K. Hagiwara, N. Okamura and Y. Takaesu, Determination of mass hierarchy with medium baseline reactor neutrino experiments, JHEP 05 (2013) 131 [arXiv:1210.8141] [INSPIRE].
S.-F. Ge, H.-J. He and R.-Q. Xiao, Probing new physics scales from Higgs and electroweak observables at e+e− Higgs factory, JHEP 10 (2016) 007 [arXiv:1603.03385] [INSPIRE].
ATLAS collaboration, Measurement of the production cross section of pairs of isolated photons in pp collisions at 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector, JHEP 11 (2021) 169 [arXiv:2107.09330] [INSPIRE].
X. Cid Vidal et al., Report from Working Group 3: Beyond the Standard Model physics at the HL-LHC and HE-LHC, CERN Yellow Rep. Monogr. 7 (2019) 585 [arXiv:1812.07831] [INSPIRE].
T. Sjöstrand et al., An introduction to PYTHIA 8.2, Comput. Phys. Commun. 191 (2015) 159 [arXiv:1410.3012] [INSPIRE].
DELPHES 3 collaboration, DELPHES 3, A modular framework for fast simulation of a generic collider experiment, JHEP 02 (2014) 057 [arXiv:1307.6346] [INSPIRE].
M. Cacciari, G.P. Salam and G. Soyez, FastJet User Manual, Eur. Phys. J. C 72 (2012) 1896 [arXiv:1111.6097] [INSPIRE].
R. Brun and F. Rademakers, ROOT: An object oriented data analysis framework, Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A 389 (1997) 81 [INSPIRE].
FCC collaboration, FCC-hh: The Hadron Collider : Future Circular Collider Conceptual Design Report Volume 3, Eur. Phys. J. ST 228 (2019) 755 [INSPIRE].
M. Ahmad et al. CEPC-SPPC Preliminary Conceptual Design Report. 1. Physics and Detector, IHEP-CEPC-DR-2015-01 (2015) [INSPIRE].
H. Murayama, I. Watanabe and K. Hagiwara, HELAS: HELicity amplitude subroutines for Feynman diagram evaluations, KEK-91-11 (1992) [INSPIRE].
R. Frederix, S. Frixione, V. Hirschi, D. Pagani, H.S. Shao and M. Zaro, The automation of next-to-leading order electroweak calculations, JHEP 07 (2018) 185 [Erratum ibid. 11 (2021) 085] [arXiv:1804.10017] [INSPIRE].
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
ArXiv ePrint: 2112.06729
Rights and permissions
Open Access . This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits any use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
About this article
Cite this article
Ellis, J., Ge, SF. & Ma, K. Hadron collider probes of the quartic couplings of gluons to the photon and Z boson. J. High Energ. Phys. 2022, 123 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP04(2022)123
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP04(2022)123