Abstract
We construct and simulate the dynamics of gauged vortons — circular loops of cosmic string supported by the angular momentum of trapped charge and current and provide additional details on the fully stable vorton that we have previously presented. We find that their existence and dynamical properties can be accurately predicted by an analysis based on infinite, straight superconducting strings if an additional constraint on their phase frequency is satisfied. We show a good quantitative agreement with the thin string approximation (TSA) and provide evidence that curvature corrections are inversely proportional to the vorton radius. This is verified with an energy minimisation algorithm that produces vorton solutions and subsequent axial and full three dimensional evolution codes. We find that we can predict the frequencies of each mode of oscillation, determine which modes are unstable and calculate the growth rate of the unstable modes to a high degree of accuracy.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
A. Vilenkin and E.P.S. Shellard, Cosmic strings and other topological defects, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K. (2001).
E. Witten, Superconducting strings, Nucl. Phys. B 249 (1985) 557 [INSPIRE].
N. Manton and P. Sutcliffe, Topological solitons, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K. (2004).
J.P. Ostriker, A.C. Thompson and E. Witten, Cosmological effects of superconducting strings, Phys. Lett. B 180 (1986) 231 [INSPIRE].
E.J. Copeland, N. Turok and M. Hindmarsh, Dynamics of superconducting cosmic strings, Phys. Rev. Lett. 58 (1987) 1910 [INSPIRE].
C.T. Hill, H.M. Hodges and M.S. Turner, Bosonic superconducting cosmic strings, Phys. Rev. D 37 (1988) 263 [INSPIRE].
P. Amsterdamski and P. Laguna-Castillo, Internal structure and the space-time of superconducting bosonic strings, Phys. Rev. D 37 (1988) 877 [INSPIRE].
A. Babul, T. Piran and D.N. Spergel, Bosonic superconducting cosmic strings. 1. Classical field theory solutions, Phys. Lett. B 202 (1988) 307 [INSPIRE].
R.L. Davis and E.P.S. Shellard, The physics of vortex superconductivity, Phys. Lett. B 207 (1988) 404 [INSPIRE].
D. Haws, M. Hindmarsh and N. Turok, Superconducting strings or springs?, Phys. Lett. B 209 (1988) 255 [INSPIRE].
P. Peter, Superconducting cosmic string: equation of state for space-like and time-like current in the neutral limit, Phys. Rev. D 45 (1992) 1091 [INSPIRE].
P. Peter, No cosmic spring conjecture, Phys. Rev. D 47 (1993) 3169 [INSPIRE].
R.L. Davis and E.P.S. Shellard, The physics of vortex superconductivity. 2, Phys. Lett. B 209 (1988) 485 [INSPIRE].
R.L. Davis, Semitopological solitons, Phys. Rev. D 38 (1988) 3722 [INSPIRE].
P. Peter, Influence of the electric coupling strength in current carrying cosmic strings, Phys. Rev. D 46 (1992) 3335 [INSPIRE].
E.B. Bogomolny, Stability of classical solutions, Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. 24 (1976) 449 [Yad. Fiz. 24 (1976) 861] [INSPIRE].
M.K. Prasad and C.M. Sommerfield, An exact classical solution for the ’t Hooft monopole and the Julia-Zee dyon, Phys. Rev. Lett. 35 (1975) 760 [INSPIRE].
Y. Lemperiere and E.P.S. Shellard, Vorton existence and stability, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91 (2003) 141601 [hep-ph/0305156] [INSPIRE].
E. Radu and M.S. Volkov, Existence of stationary, non-radiating ring solitons in field theory: knots and vortons, Phys. Rept. 468 (2008) 101 [arXiv:0804.1357] [INSPIRE].
R.A. Battye and P.M. Sutcliffe, Vorton construction and dynamics, Nucl. Phys. B 814 (2009) 180 [arXiv:0812.3239] [INSPIRE].
C.G. Doudoulakis, Search of axially symmetric solitons, Physica D 228 (2007) 159 [hep-ph/0612095] [INSPIRE].
J. Garaud, E. Radu and M.S. Volkov, Stable cosmic vortons, Phys. Rev. Lett. 111 (2013) 171602 [arXiv:1303.3044] [INSPIRE].
R.A. Battye and P.M. Sutcliffe, Kinky vortons, Nucl. Phys. B 805 (2008) 287 [arXiv:0806.2212] [INSPIRE].
R.A. Battye, J.A. Pearson, S. Pike and P.M. Sutcliffe, Formation and evolution of kinky vortons, JCAP 09 (2009) 039 [arXiv:0908.1865] [INSPIRE].
R.A. Battye and P.M. Sutcliffe, Stability and the equation of state for kinky vortons, Phys. Rev. D 80 (2009) 085024 [arXiv:0908.1344] [INSPIRE].
K.J.M. Moriarty, E. Myers and C. Rebbi, Dynamical interactions of flux vortices in superconductors, Phys. Lett. B 207 (1988) 411 [INSPIRE].
Y. Lemperiere and E.P.S. Shellard, On the behavior and stability of superconducting currents, Nucl. Phys. B 649 (2003) 511 [hep-ph/0207199] [INSPIRE].
B. Carter and X. Martin, Dynamic instability criterion for circular (vorton) string loops, Annals Phys. 227 (1993) 151 [hep-th/0306111] [INSPIRE].
R.A. Battye, N.R. Cooper and P.M. Sutcliffe, Stable skyrmions in two component Bose-Einstein condensates, Phys. Rev. Lett. 88 (2002) 080401 [cond-mat/0109448] [INSPIRE].
R.H. Brandenberger, B. Carter, A.-C. Davis and M. Trodden, Cosmic vortons and particle physics constraints, Phys. Rev. D 54 (1996) 6059 [hep-ph/9605382] [INSPIRE].
C.J.A.P. Martins and E.P.S. Shellard, Vorton formation, Phys. Rev. D 57 (1998) 7155 [hep-ph/9804378] [INSPIRE].
C.J.A.P. Martins and E.P.S. Shellard, Limits on cosmic chiral vortons, Phys. Lett. B 445 (1998) 43 [hep-ph/9806480] [INSPIRE].
R.A. Battye and S.J. Cotterill, Stable cosmic vortons in bosonic field theory, Phys. Rev. Lett. 127 (2021) 241601 [arXiv:2111.07822] [INSPIRE].
R.A. Battye and J.A. Pearson, Charge, junctions and the scaling dynamics of domain wall networks, Phys. Rev. D 82 (2010) 125001 [arXiv:1010.2328] [INSPIRE].
Y. Bai, S. Lu and N. Orlofsky, Q-monopole-ball: a topological and nontopological soliton, JHEP 01 (2022) 109 [arXiv:2111.10360] [INSPIRE].
B. Carter, Stability and characteristic propagation speeds in superconducting cosmic and other string models, Phys. Lett. B 228 (1989) 466 [INSPIRE].
X. Martin, Zones of dynamical instability for rotating string loops, Phys. Rev. D 50 (1994) 7479 [INSPIRE].
M. Alcubierre et al., Symmetry without symmetry: numerical simulation of axisymmetric systems using Cartesian grids, Int. J. Mod. Phys. D 10 (2001) 273 [gr-qc/9908012] [INSPIRE].
M. Creutz, L. Jacobs and C. Rebbi, Monte Carlo computations in lattice gauge theories, Phys. Rept. 95 (1983) 201 [INSPIRE].
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
ArXiv ePrint: 2112.08066
Supplementary Information
ESM 1
(ZIP 7521 kb)
Rights and permissions
Open Access . This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits any use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
About this article
Cite this article
Battye, R.A., Cotterill, S.J. & Pearson, J.A. A detailed study of the stability of vortons. J. High Energ. Phys. 2022, 5 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP04(2022)005
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP04(2022)005