Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Menu
Find a journal Publish with us
Search
Go to cart
  1. Home
  2. Journal of High Energy Physics
  3. Article
Underlying event properties in pp collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV
Download PDF
Your article has downloaded

Similar articles being viewed by others

Slider with three articles shown per slide. Use the Previous and Next buttons to navigate the slides or the slide controller buttons at the end to navigate through each slide.

Charged-particle production as a function of multiplicity and transverse spherocity in pp collisions at $$ \sqrt{\mathbf{s}} =\mathbf{5.02}$$s=5.02 and 13 TeV

17 October 2019

ALICE Collaboration, S. Acharya, … N. Zurlo

Study of charged particles in pp collisions at $$\sqrt{\mathrm {s}}$$ s  = 13 TeV

22 December 2022

M. Ajaz, A. M. Khubrani, … M. K. Suleymanov

Long- and short-range correlations and their event-scale dependence in high-multiplicity pp collisions at s $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 13 TeV

31 May 2021

The ALICE collaboration, S. Acharya, … N. Zurlo

Multiplicity dependence of $$\pi $$π, K, and p production in pp collisions at $$\sqrt{s} = 13$$s=13 TeV

01 August 2020

S. Acharya, D. Adamová, … ALICE Collaboration

Transverse momentum spectra and nuclear modification factors of charged particles in pp, p-Pb and Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC

06 November 2018

The ALICE collaboration, S. Acharya, … S. Zou

Study of very forward energy and its correlation with particle production at midrapidity in pp and p-Pb collisions at the LHC

05 August 2022

The ALICE collaboration, S. Acharya, … N. Zurlo

Charged-particle pseudorapidity density at mid-rapidity in p–Pb collisions at $$\pmb {\sqrt{s_{\scriptscriptstyle {\mathrm{NN}}}}}$$ s NN = 8.16 TeV

04 April 2019

S. Acharya, F.-T. Acosta, … ALICE Collaboration

$$\mathrm {K_S}^{0}$$ K S 0 - and (anti-) $$\Lambda $$ Λ -hadron correlations in pp collisions at  $${\sqrt{s}} = 13$$ s = 13  TeV

25 October 2021

S. Acharya, D. Adamová, … ALICE Collaboration

Charged-pion production in $$\mathbf {Au+Au}$$ Au + Au collisions at $$\sqrt{\mathbf {s}_{\mathbf {NN}}} = 2.4~{\mathbf {GeV}}$$ s NN = 2.4 GeV

10 October 2020

HADES Collaboration, J. Adamczewski-Musch, … P. Zumbruch

Download PDF
  • Regular Article - Experimental Physics
  • Open Access
  • Published: 29 April 2020

Underlying event properties in pp collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV

  • The ALICE collaboration,
  • S. Acharya141,
  • D. Adamová94,
  • A. Adler74,
  • J. Adolfsson80,
  • M. M. Aggarwal99,
  • G. Aglieri Rinella33,
  • M. Agnello30,
  • N. Agrawal10,53,
  • Z. Ahammed141,
  • S. Ahmad16,
  • S. U. Ahn76,
  • A. Akindinov91,
  • M. Al-Turany106,
  • S. N. Alam141,
  • D. S. D. Albuquerque122,
  • D. Aleksandrov87,
  • B. Alessandro58,
  • H. M. Alfanda6,
  • R. Alfaro Molina71,
  • B. Ali16,
  • Y. Ali14,
  • A. Alici10,26,53,
  • A. Alkin2,
  • J. Alme21,
  • T. Alt68,
  • L. Altenkamper21,
  • I. Altsybeev112,
  • M. N. Anaam6,
  • C. Andrei47,
  • D. Andreou33,
  • H. A. Andrews110,
  • A. Andronic144,
  • M. Angeletti33,
  • V. Anguelov103,
  • C. Anson15,
  • T. Antičić107,
  • F. Antinori56,
  • P. Antonioli53,
  • R. Anwar125,
  • N. Apadula79,
  • L. Aphecetche114,
  • H. Appelshäuser68,
  • S. Arcelli26,
  • R. Arnaldi58,
  • M. Arratia79,
  • I. C. Arsene20,
  • M. Arslandok103,
  • A. Augustinus33,
  • R. Averbeck106,
  • S. Aziz61,
  • M. D. Azmi16,
  • A. Badalà55,
  • Y. W. Baek40,
  • S. Bagnasco58,
  • X. Bai106,
  • R. Bailhache68,
  • R. Bala100,
  • A. Baldisseri137,
  • M. Ball42,
  • S. Balouza104,
  • R. Barbera27,
  • L. Barioglio25,
  • G. G. Barnaföldi145,
  • L. S. Barnby93,
  • V. Barret134,
  • P. Bartalini6,
  • K. Barth33,
  • E. Bartsch68,
  • F. Baruffaldi28,
  • N. Bastid134,
  • S. Basu143,
  • G. Batigne114,
  • B. Batyunya75,
  • D. Bauri48,
  • J. L. Bazo Alba111,
  • I. G. Bearden88,
  • C. Bedda63,
  • N. K. Behera60,
  • I. Belikov136,
  • A. D. C. Bell Hechavarria144,
  • F. Bellini33,
  • R. Bellwied125,
  • V. Belyaev92,
  • G. Bencedi145,
  • S. Beole25,
  • A. Bercuci47,
  • Y. Berdnikov97,
  • D. Berenyi145,
  • R. A. Bertens130,
  • D. Berzano58,
  • M. G. Besoiu67,
  • L. Betev33,
  • A. Bhasin100,
  • I. R. Bhat100,
  • M. A. Bhat3,
  • H. Bhatt48,
  • B. Bhattacharjee41,
  • A. Bianchi25,
  • L. Bianchi25,
  • N. Bianchi51,
  • J. Bielčík36,
  • J. Bielčíková94,
  • A. Bilandzic104,117,
  • G. Biro145,
  • R. Biswas3,
  • S. Biswas3,
  • J. T. Blair119,
  • D. Blau87,
  • C. Blume68,
  • G. Boca139,
  • F. Bock33,95,
  • A. Bogdanov92,
  • S. Boi23,
  • L. Boldizsár145,
  • A. Bolozdynya92,
  • M. Bombara37,
  • G. Bonomi140,
  • H. Borel137,
  • A. Borissov92,144,
  • H. Bossi146,
  • E. Botta25,
  • L. Bratrud68,
  • P. Braun-Munzinger106,
  • M. Bregant121,
  • M. Broz36,
  • E. J. Brucken43,
  • E. Bruna58,
  • G. E. Bruno105,
  • M. D. Buckland127,
  • D. Budnikov108,
  • H. Buesching68,
  • S. Bufalino30,
  • O. Bugnon114,
  • P. Buhler113,
  • P. Buncic33,
  • Z. Buthelezi72,131,
  • J. B. Butt14,
  • J. T. Buxton96,
  • S. A. Bysiak118,
  • D. Caffarri89,
  • A. Caliva106,
  • E. Calvo Villar111,
  • R. S. Camacho44,
  • P. Camerini24,
  • A. A. Capon113,
  • F. Carnesecchi10,26,
  • R. Caron137,
  • J. Castillo Castellanos137,
  • A. J. Castro130,
  • E. A. R. Casula54,
  • F. Catalano30,
  • C. Ceballos Sanchez52,
  • P. Chakraborty48,
  • S. Chandra141,
  • W. Chang6,
  • S. Chapeland33,
  • M. Chartier127,
  • S. Chattopadhyay141,
  • S. Chattopadhyay109,
  • A. Chauvin23,
  • C. Cheshkov135,
  • B. Cheynis135,
  • V. Chibante Barroso33,
  • D. D. Chinellato122,
  • S. Cho60,
  • P. Chochula33,
  • T. Chowdhury134,
  • P. Christakoglou89,
  • C. H. Christensen88,
  • P. Christiansen80,
  • T. Chujo133,
  • C. Cicalo54,
  • L. Cifarelli10,26,
  • F. Cindolo53,
  • J. Cleymans124,
  • F. Colamaria52,
  • D. Colella52,
  • A. Collu79,
  • M. Colocci26,
  • M. Concas58,148,
  • G. Conesa Balbastre78,
  • Z. Conesa del Valle61,
  • G. Contin24,127,
  • J. G. Contreras36,
  • T. M. Cormier95,
  • Y. Corrales Morales25,
  • P. Cortese31,
  • M. R. Cosentino123,
  • F. Costa33,
  • S. Costanza139,
  • P. Crochet134,
  • E. Cuautle69,
  • P. Cui6,
  • L. Cunqueiro95,
  • D. Dabrowski142,
  • T. Dahms104,117,
  • A. Dainese56,
  • F. P. A. Damas114,137,
  • M. C. Danisch103,
  • A. Danu67,
  • D. Das109,
  • I. Das109,
  • P. Das85,
  • P. Das3,
  • S. Das3,
  • A. Dash85,
  • S. Dash48,
  • S. De85,
  • A. De Caro29,
  • G. de Cataldo52,
  • J. de Cuveland38,
  • A. De Falco23,
  • D. De Gruttola10,
  • N. De Marco58,
  • S. De Pasquale29,
  • S. Deb49,
  • B. Debjani3,
  • H. F. Degenhardt121,
  • K. R. Deja142,
  • A. Deloff84,
  • S. Delsanto25,131,
  • D. Devetak106,
  • P. Dhankher48,
  • D. Di Bari32,
  • A. Di Mauro33,
  • R. A. Diaz8,
  • T. Dietel124,
  • P. Dillenseger68,
  • Y. Ding6,
  • R. Divià33,
  • D. U. Dixit19,
  • Ø. Djuvsland21,
  • U. Dmitrieva62,
  • A. Dobrin33,67,
  • B. Dönigus68,
  • O. Dordic20,
  • A. K. Dubey141,
  • A. Dubla106,
  • S. Dudi99,
  • M. Dukhishyam85,
  • P. Dupieux134,
  • R. J. Ehlers146,
  • V. N. Eikeland21,
  • D. Elia52,
  • H. Engel74,
  • E. Epple146,
  • B. Erazmus114,
  • F. Erhardt98,
  • A. Erokhin112,
  • M. R. Ersdal21,
  • B. Espagnon61,
  • G. Eulisse33,
  • D. Evans110,
  • S. Evdokimov90,
  • L. Fabbietti104,117,
  • M. Faggin28,
  • J. Faivre78,
  • F. Fan6,
  • A. Fantoni51,
  • M. Fasel95,
  • P. Fecchio30,
  • A. Feliciello58,
  • G. Feofilov112,
  • A. Fernández Téllez44,
  • A. Ferrero137,
  • A. Ferretti25,
  • A. Festanti33,
  • V. J. G. Feuillard103,
  • J. Figiel118,
  • S. Filchagin108,
  • D. Finogeev62,
  • F. M. Fionda21,
  • G. Fiorenza52,
  • F. Flor125,
  • S. Foertsch72,
  • P. Foka106,
  • S. Fokin87,
  • E. Fragiacomo59,
  • U. Frankenfeld106,
  • U. Fuchs33,
  • C. Furget78,
  • A. Furs62,
  • M. Fusco Girard29,
  • J. J. Gaardhøje88,
  • M. Gagliardi25,
  • A. M. Gago111,
  • A. Gal136,
  • C. D. Galvan120,
  • P. Ganoti83,
  • C. Garabatos106,
  • E. Garcia-Solis11,
  • K. Garg27,
  • C. Gargiulo33,
  • A. Garibli86,
  • K. Garner144,
  • P. Gasik104,117,
  • E. F. Gauger119,
  • M. B. Gay Ducati70,
  • M. Germain114,
  • J. Ghosh109,
  • P. Ghosh141,
  • S. K. Ghosh3,
  • P. Gianotti51,
  • P. Giubellino58,106,
  • P. Giubilato28,
  • P. Glässel103,
  • D. M. Goméz Coral71,
  • A. Gomez Ramirez74,
  • V. Gonzalez106,
  • P. González-Zamora44,
  • S. Gorbunov38,
  • L. Görlich118,
  • S. Gotovac34,
  • V. Grabski71,
  • L. K. Graczykowski142,
  • K. L. Graham110,
  • L. Greiner79,
  • A. Grelli63,
  • C. Grigoras33,
  • V. Grigoriev92,
  • A. Grigoryan1,
  • S. Grigoryan75,
  • O. S. Groettvik21,
  • F. Grosa30,
  • J. F. Grosse-Oetringhaus33,
  • R. Grosso106,
  • R. Guernane78,
  • M. Guittiere114,
  • K. Gulbrandsen88,
  • T. Gunji132,
  • A. Gupta100,
  • R. Gupta100,
  • I. B. Guzman44,
  • R. Haake146,
  • M. K. Habib106,
  • C. Hadjidakis61,
  • H. Hamagaki81,
  • G. Hamar145,
  • M. Hamid6,
  • R. Hannigan119,
  • M. R. Haque63,85,
  • A. Harlenderova106,
  • J. W. Harris146,
  • A. Harton11,
  • J. A. Hasenbichler33,
  • H. Hassan95,
  • D. Hatzifotiadou10,53,
  • P. Hauer42,
  • S. Hayashi132,
  • S. T. Heckel68,104,
  • E. Hellbär68,
  • H. Helstrup35,
  • A. Herghelegiu47,
  • T. Herman36,
  • E. G. Hernandez44,
  • G. Herrera Corral9,
  • F. Herrmann144,
  • K. F. Hetland35,
  • T. E. Hilden43,
  • H. Hillemanns33,
  • C. Hills127,
  • B. Hippolyte136,
  • B. Hohlweger104,
  • D. Horak36,
  • A. Hornung68,
  • S. Hornung106,
  • R. Hosokawa15,133,
  • P. Hristov33,
  • C. Huang61,
  • C. Hughes130,
  • P. Huhn68,
  • T. J. Humanic96,
  • H. Hushnud109,
  • L. A. Husova144,
  • N. Hussain41,
  • S. A. Hussain14,
  • D. Hutter38,
  • J. P. Iddon33,127,
  • R. Ilkaev108,
  • M. Inaba133,
  • G. M. Innocenti33,
  • M. Ippolitov87,
  • A. Isakov94,
  • M. S. Islam109,
  • M. Ivanov106,
  • V. Ivanov97,
  • V. Izucheev90,
  • B. Jacak79,
  • N. Jacazio53,
  • P. M. Jacobs79,
  • S. Jadlovska116,
  • J. Jadlovsky116,
  • S. Jaelani63,
  • C. Jahnke121,
  • M. J. Jakubowska142,
  • M. A. Janik142,
  • T. Janson74,
  • M. Jercic98,
  • O. Jevons110,
  • M. Jin125,
  • F. Jonas95,144,
  • P. G. Jones110,
  • J. Jung68,
  • M. Jung68,
  • A. Jusko110,
  • P. Kalinak64,
  • A. Kalweit33,
  • V. Kaplin92,
  • S. Kar6,
  • A. Karasu Uysal77,
  • O. Karavichev62,
  • T. Karavicheva62,
  • P. Karczmarczyk33,
  • E. Karpechev62,
  • A. Kazantsev87,
  • U. Kebschull74,
  • R. Keidel46,
  • M. Keil33,
  • B. Ketzer42,
  • Z. Khabanova89,
  • A. M. Khan6,
  • S. Khan16,
  • S. A. Khan141,
  • A. Khanzadeev97,
  • Y. Kharlov90,
  • A. Khatun16,
  • A. Khuntia118,
  • B. Kileng35,
  • B. Kim60,
  • B. Kim133,
  • D. Kim147,
  • D. J. Kim126,
  • E. J. Kim73,
  • H. Kim17,147,
  • J. Kim147,
  • J. S. Kim40,
  • J. Kim103,
  • J. Kim147,
  • J. Kim73,
  • M. Kim103,
  • S. Kim18,
  • T. Kim147,
  • T. Kim147,
  • S. Kirsch38,68,
  • I. Kisel38,
  • S. Kiselev91,
  • A. Kisiel142,
  • J. L. Klay5,
  • C. Klein68,
  • J. Klein58,
  • S. Klein79,
  • C. Klein-Bösing144,
  • M. Kleiner68,
  • A. Kluge33,
  • M. L. Knichel33,
  • A. G. Knospe125,
  • C. Kobdaj115,
  • M. K. Köhler103,
  • T. Kollegger106,
  • A. Kondratyev75,
  • N. Kondratyeva92,
  • E. Kondratyuk90,
  • J. Konig68,
  • P. J. Konopka33,
  • L. Koska116,
  • O. Kovalenko84,
  • V. Kovalenko112,
  • M. Kowalski118,
  • I. Králik64,
  • A. Kravčáková37,
  • L. Kreis106,
  • M. Krivda64,110,
  • F. Krizek94,
  • K. Krizkova Gajdosova36,
  • M. Krüger68,
  • E. Kryshen97,
  • M. Krzewicki38,
  • A. M. Kubera96,
  • V. Kučera60,
  • C. Kuhn136,
  • P. G. Kuijer89,
  • L. Kumar99,
  • S. Kumar48,
  • S. Kundu85,
  • P. Kurashvili84,
  • A. Kurepin62,
  • A. B. Kurepin62,
  • A. Kuryakin108,
  • S. Kushpil94,
  • J. Kvapil110,
  • M. J. Kweon60,
  • J. Y. Kwon60,
  • Y. Kwon147,
  • S. L. La Pointe38,
  • P. La Rocca27,
  • Y. S. Lai79,
  • R. Langoy129,
  • K. Lapidus33,
  • A. Lardeux20,
  • P. Larionov51,
  • E. Laudi33,
  • R. Lavicka36,
  • T. Lazareva112,
  • R. Lea24,
  • L. Leardini103,
  • J. Lee133,
  • S. Lee147,
  • F. Lehas89,
  • S. Lehner113,
  • J. Lehrbach38,
  • R. C. Lemmon93,
  • I. León Monzón120,
  • E. D. Lesser19,
  • M. Lettrich33,
  • P. Lévai145,
  • X. Li12,
  • X. L. Li6,
  • J. Lien129,
  • R. Lietava110,
  • B. Lim17,
  • V. Lindenstruth38,
  • S. W. Lindsay127,
  • C. Lippmann106,
  • M. A. Lisa96,
  • V. Litichevskyi43,
  • A. Liu19,
  • S. Liu96,
  • W. J. Llope143,
  • I. M. Lofnes21,
  • V. Loginov92,
  • C. Loizides95,
  • P. Loncar34,
  • X. Lopez134,
  • E. López Torres8,
  • J. R. Luhder144,
  • M. Lunardon28,
  • G. Luparello59,
  • Y. Ma39,
  • A. Maevskaya62,
  • M. Mager33,
  • S. M. Mahmood20,
  • T. Mahmoud42,
  • A. Maire136,
  • R. D. Majka146,
  • M. Malaev97,
  • Q. W. Malik20,
  • L. Malinina75,149,
  • D. Mal’Kevich91,
  • P. Malzacher106,
  • G. Mandaglio55,
  • V. Manko87,
  • F. Manso134,
  • V. Manzari52,
  • Y. Mao6,
  • M. Marchisone135,
  • J. Mareš66,
  • G. V. Margagliotti24,
  • A. Margotti53,
  • J. Margutti63,
  • A. Marín106,
  • C. Markert119,
  • M. Marquard68,
  • N. A. Martin103,
  • P. Martinengo33,
  • J. L. Martinez125,
  • M. I. Martínez44,
  • G. Martínez García114,
  • M. Martinez Pedreira33,
  • S. Masciocchi106,
  • M. Masera25,
  • A. Masoni54,
  • L. Massacrier61,
  • E. Masson114,
  • A. Mastroserio52,138,
  • A. M. Mathis104,117,
  • O. Matonoha80,
  • P. F. T. Matuoka121,
  • A. Matyja118,
  • C. Mayer118,
  • M. Mazzilli52,
  • M. A. Mazzoni57,
  • A. F. Mechler68,
  • F. Meddi22,
  • Y. Melikyan62,92,
  • A. Menchaca-Rocha71,
  • C. Mengke6,
  • E. Meninno29,113,
  • M. Meres13,
  • S. Mhlanga124,
  • Y. Miake133,
  • L. Micheletti25,
  • D. L. Mihaylov104,
  • K. Mikhaylov75,91,
  • A. Mischke63,
  • A. N. Mishra69,
  • D. Miśkowiec106,
  • A. Modak3,
  • N. Mohammadi33,
  • A. P. Mohanty63,
  • B. Mohanty85,
  • M. Mohisin Khan16,150,
  • C. Mordasini104,
  • D. A. Moreira De Godoy144,
  • L. A. P. Moreno44,
  • I. Morozov62,
  • A. Morsch33,
  • T. Mrnjavac33,
  • V. Muccifora51,
  • E. Mudnic34,
  • D. Mühlheim144,
  • S. Muhuri141,
  • J. D. Mulligan79,
  • M. G. Munhoz121,
  • R. H. Munzer68,
  • H. Murakami132,
  • S. Murray124,
  • L. Musa33,
  • J. Musinsky64,
  • C. J. Myers125,
  • J. W. Myrcha142,
  • B. Naik48,
  • R. Nair84,
  • B. K. Nandi48,
  • R. Nania10,53,
  • E. Nappi52,
  • M. U. Naru14,
  • A. F. Nassirpour80,
  • C. Nattrass130,
  • R. Nayak48,
  • T. K. Nayak85,
  • S. Nazarenko108,
  • A. Neagu20,
  • R. A. Negrao De Oliveira68,
  • L. Nellen69,
  • S. V. Nesbo35,
  • G. Neskovic38,
  • D. Nesterov112,
  • L. T. Neumann142,
  • B. S. Nielsen88,
  • S. Nikolaev87,
  • S. Nikulin87,
  • V. Nikulin97,
  • F. Noferini10,53,
  • P. Nomokonov75,
  • J. Norman78,127,
  • N. Novitzky133,
  • P. Nowakowski142,
  • A. Nyanin87,
  • J. Nystrand21,
  • M. Ogino81,
  • A. Ohlson80,103,
  • J. Oleniacz142,
  • A. C. Oliveira Da Silva121,130,
  • M. H. Oliver146,
  • C. Oppedisano58,
  • R. Orava43,
  • A. Ortiz Velasquez69,
  • A. Oskarsson80,
  • J. Otwinowski118,
  • K. Oyama81,
  • Y. Pachmayer103,
  • V. Pacik88,
  • D. Pagano140,
  • G. Paić69,
  • J. Pan143,
  • A. K. Pandey48,
  • S. Panebianco137,
  • P. Pareek49,141,
  • J. Park60,
  • J. E. Parkkila126,
  • S. Parmar99,
  • S. P. Pathak125,
  • R. N. Patra141,
  • B. Paul23,58,
  • H. Pei6,
  • T. Peitzmann63,
  • X. Peng6,
  • L. G. Pereira70,
  • H. Pereira Da Costa137,
  • D. Peresunko87,
  • G. M. Perez8,
  • E. Perez Lezama68,
  • V. Peskov68,
  • Y. Pestov4,
  • V. Petráček36,
  • M. Petrovici47,
  • R. P. Pezzi70,
  • S. Piano59,
  • M. Pikna13,
  • P. Pillot114,
  • O. Pinazza33,53,
  • L. Pinsky125,
  • C. Pinto27,
  • S. Pisano10,51,
  • D. Pistone55,
  • M. Płoskoń79,
  • M. Planinic98,
  • F. Pliquett68,
  • J. Pluta142,
  • S. Pochybova145,
  • M. G. Poghosyan95,
  • B. Polichtchouk90,
  • N. Poljak98,
  • A. Pop47,
  • H. Poppenborg144,
  • S. Porteboeuf-Houssais134,
  • V. Pozdniakov75,
  • S. K. Prasad3,
  • R. Preghenella53,
  • F. Prino58,
  • C. A. Pruneau143,
  • I. Pshenichnov62,
  • M. Puccio25,33,
  • J. Putschke143,
  • R. E. Quishpe125,
  • S. Ragoni110,
  • S. Raha3,
  • S. Rajput100,
  • J. Rak126,
  • A. Rakotozafindrabe137,
  • L. Ramello31,
  • F. Rami136,
  • R. Raniwala101,
  • S. Raniwala101,
  • S. S. Räsänen43,
  • R. Rath49,
  • V. Ratza42,
  • I. Ravasenga30,89,
  • K. F. Read95,130,
  • K. Redlich84,151,
  • A. Rehman21,
  • P. Reichelt68,
  • F. Reidt33,
  • X. Ren6,
  • R. Renfordt68,
  • Z. Rescakova37,
  • J.-P. Revol10,
  • K. Reygers103,
  • V. Riabov97,
  • T. Richert80,88,
  • M. Richter20,
  • P. Riedler33,
  • W. Riegler33,
  • F. Riggi27,
  • C. Ristea67,
  • S. P. Rode49,
  • M. Rodríguez Cahuantzi44,
  • K. Røed20,
  • R. Rogalev90,
  • E. Rogochaya75,
  • D. Rohr33,
  • D. Röhrich21,
  • P. S. Rokita142,
  • F. Ronchetti51,
  • E. D. Rosas69,
  • K. Roslon142,
  • A. Rossi28,56,
  • A. Rotondi139,
  • A. Roy49,
  • P. Roy109,
  • O. V. Rueda80,
  • R. Rui24,
  • B. Rumyantsev75,
  • A. Rustamov86,
  • E. Ryabinkin87,
  • Y. Ryabov97,
  • A. Rybicki118,
  • H. Rytkonen126,
  • O. A. M. Saarimaki43,
  • S. Sadhu141,
  • S. Sadovsky90,
  • K. Šafařík36,
  • S. K. Saha141,
  • B. Sahoo48,
  • P. Sahoo48,49,
  • R. Sahoo49,
  • S. Sahoo65,
  • P. K. Sahu65,
  • J. Saini141,
  • S. Sakai133,
  • S. Sambyal100,
  • V. Samsonov92,97,
  • D. Sarkar143,
  • N. Sarkar141,
  • P. Sarma41,
  • V. M. Sarti104,
  • M. H. P. Sas63,
  • E. Scapparone53,
  • B. Schaefer95,
  • J. Schambach119,
  • H. S. Scheid68,
  • C. Schiaua47,
  • R. Schicker103,
  • A. Schmah103,
  • C. Schmidt106,
  • H. R. Schmidt102,
  • M. O. Schmidt103,
  • M. Schmidt102,
  • N. V. Schmidt68,95,
  • A. R. Schmier130,
  • J. Schukraft88,
  • Y. Schutz33,136,
  • K. Schwarz106,
  • K. Schweda106,
  • G. Scioli26,
  • E. Scomparin58,
  • M. Šefčík37,
  • J. E. Seger15,
  • Y. Sekiguchi132,
  • D. Sekihata132,
  • I. Selyuzhenkov92,106,
  • S. Senyukov136,
  • D. Serebryakov62,
  • E. Serradilla71,
  • A. Sevcenco67,
  • A. Shabanov62,
  • A. Shabetai114,
  • R. Shahoyan33,
  • W. Shaikh109,
  • A. Shangaraev90,
  • A. Sharma99,
  • A. Sharma100,
  • H. Sharma118,
  • M. Sharma100,
  • N. Sharma99,
  • A. I. Sheikh141,
  • K. Shigaki45,
  • M. Shimomura82,
  • S. Shirinkin91,
  • Q. Shou39,
  • Y. Sibiriak87,
  • S. Siddhanta54,
  • T. Siemiarczuk84,
  • D. Silvermyr80,
  • G. Simatovic89,
  • G. Simonetti33,104,
  • R. Singh85,
  • R. Singh100,
  • R. Singh49,
  • V. K. Singh141,
  • V. Singhal141,
  • T. Sinha109,
  • B. Sitar13,
  • M. Sitta31,
  • T. B. Skaali20,
  • M. Slupecki126,
  • N. Smirnov146,
  • R. J. M. Snellings63,
  • T. W. Snellman43,126,
  • C. Soncco111,
  • J. Song60,125,
  • A. Songmoolnak115,
  • F. Soramel28,
  • S. Sorensen130,
  • I. Sputowska118,
  • J. Stachel103,
  • I. Stan67,
  • P. Stankus95,
  • P. J. Steffanic130,
  • E. Stenlund80,
  • D. Stocco114,
  • M. M. Storetvedt35,
  • L. D. Stritto29,
  • A. A. P. Suaide121,
  • T. Sugitate45,
  • C. Suire61,
  • M. Suleymanov14,
  • M. Suljic33,
  • R. Sultanov91,
  • M. Šumbera94,
  • S. Sumowidagdo50,
  • S. Swain65,
  • A. Szabo13,
  • I. Szarka13,
  • U. Tabassam14,
  • G. Taillepied134,
  • J. Takahashi122,
  • G. J. Tambave21,
  • S. Tang6,134,
  • M. Tarhini114,
  • M. G. Tarzila47,
  • A. Tauro33,
  • G. Tejeda Muñoz44,
  • A. Telesca33,
  • C. Terrevoli125,
  • D. Thakur49,
  • S. Thakur141,
  • D. Thomas119,
  • F. Thoresen88,
  • R. Tieulent135,
  • A. Tikhonov62,
  • A. R. Timmins125,
  • A. Toia68,
  • N. Topilskaya62,
  • M. Toppi51,
  • F. Torales-Acosta19,
  • S. R. Torres9,120,
  • A. Trifiro55,
  • S. Tripathy49,
  • T. Tripathy48,
  • S. Trogolo28,
  • G. Trombetta32,
  • L. Tropp37,
  • V. Trubnikov2,
  • W. H. Trzaska126,
  • T. P. Trzcinski142,
  • B. A. Trzeciak63,
  • T. Tsuji132,
  • A. Tumkin108,
  • R. Turrisi56,
  • T. S. Tveter20,
  • K. Ullaland21,
  • E. N. Umaka125,
  • A. Uras135,
  • G. L. Usai23,
  • A. Utrobicic98,
  • M. Vala37,
  • N. Valle139,
  • S. Vallero58,
  • N. van der Kolk63,
  • L. V. R. van Doremalen63,
  • M. van Leeuwen63,
  • P. Vande Vyvre33,
  • D. Varga145,
  • Z. Varga145,
  • M. Varga-Kofarago145,
  • A. Vargas44,
  • M. Vasileiou83,
  • A. Vasiliev87,
  • O. Vázquez Doce104,117,
  • V. Vechernin112,
  • A. M. Veen63,
  • E. Vercellin25,
  • S. Vergara Limón44,
  • L. Vermunt63,
  • R. Vernet7,
  • R. Vértesi145,
  • L. Vickovic34,
  • Z. Vilakazi131,
  • O. Villalobos Baillie110,
  • A. Villatoro Tello44,
  • G. Vino52,
  • A. Vinogradov87,
  • T. Virgili29,
  • V. Vislavicius88,
  • A. Vodopyanov75,
  • B. Volkel33,
  • M. A. Völkl102,
  • K. Voloshin91,
  • S. A. Voloshin143,
  • G. Volpe32,
  • B. von Haller33,
  • I. Vorobyev104,
  • D. Voscek116,
  • J. Vrláková37,
  • B. Wagner21,
  • M. Weber113,
  • S. G. Weber144,
  • A. Wegrzynek33,
  • D. F. Weiser103,
  • S. C. Wenzel33,
  • J. P. Wessels144,
  • J. Wiechula68,
  • J. Wikne20,
  • G. Wilk84,
  • J. Wilkinson10,53,
  • G. A. Willems33,
  • E. Willsher110,
  • B. Windelband103,
  • M. Winn137,
  • W. E. Witt130,
  • Y. Wu128,
  • R. Xu6,
  • S. Yalcin77,
  • K. Yamakawa45,
  • S. Yang21,
  • S. Yano137,
  • Z. Yin6,
  • H. Yokoyama63,
  • I.-K. Yoo17,
  • J. H. Yoon60,
  • S. Yuan21,
  • A. Yuncu103,
  • V. Yurchenko2,
  • V. Zaccolo24,
  • A. Zaman14,
  • C. Zampolli33,
  • H. J. C. Zanoli63,
  • N. Zardoshti33,
  • A. Zarochentsev112,
  • P. Závada66,
  • N. Zaviyalov108,
  • H. Zbroszczyk142,
  • M. Zhalov97,
  • S. Zhang39,
  • X. Zhang6,
  • Z. Zhang6,
  • V. Zherebchevskii112,
  • D. Zhou6,
  • Y. Zhou88,
  • Z. Zhou21,
  • J. Zhu6,106,
  • Y. Zhu6,
  • A. Zichichi10,26,
  • M. B. Zimmermann33,
  • G. Zinovjev2 &
  • …
  • N. Zurlo140 

Journal of High Energy Physics volume 2020, Article number: 192 (2020) Cite this article

  • 659 Accesses

  • 10 Citations

  • 1 Altmetric

  • Metrics details

A preprint version of the article is available at arXiv.

Abstract

This article reports measurements characterizing the Underlying Event (UE) associated with hard scatterings at midrapidity (|η| < 0.8) in pp collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV. The hard scatterings are identified by the leading particle, the charged particle with the highest transverse momentum (\( {p}_{\mathrm{T}}^{\mathrm{leading}} \)) in the event. Charged-particle number-densities and summed transverse-momentum densities are measured in different azimuthal regions defined with respect to the leading particle direction: Toward, Transverse, and Away. The Toward and Away regions contain the fragmentation products of the hard scatterings in addition to the UE contribution, whereas particles in the Transverse region are expected to originate predominantly from the UE. The study is performed as a function of \( {p}_{\mathrm{T}}^{\mathrm{leading}} \) with three different pT thresholds for the associated particles, \( {p}_{\mathrm{T}}^{\mathrm{track}} \) > 0.15, 0.5, and 1.0 GeV/c. The charged-particle density in the Transverse region rises steeply for low values of \( {p}_{\mathrm{T}}^{\mathrm{leading}} \) and reaches a plateau. The results confirm the trend that the charged-particle density in the Transverse region shows a stronger increase with \( \sqrt{s} \) than the inclusive charged-particle density at midrapidity. The UE activity is increased by approximately 20% when going from 7 TeV to 13 TeV pp collisions. The plateau in the Transverse region (5 <\( {p}_{\mathrm{T}}^{\mathrm{leading}} \)< 40 GeV/c) is further characterized by the probability distribution of its charged-particle multiplicity normalized to its average value (relative transverse activity, RT) and the mean transverse momentum as a function of RT. Experimental results are compared to model calculations using PYTHIA 8 and EPOS LHC. The overall agreement between models and data is within 30%. These measurements provide new insights on the interplay between hard scatterings and the associated UE in pp collisions.

Download to read the full article text

Working on a manuscript?

Avoid the common mistakes

References

  1. P. Bartalini and J.R. Gaunt, Multiple parton interactions at the LHC, Adv. Ser. Direct. High Energy Phys.29 (2018) 1 [INSPIRE].

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. UA1 collaboration, Hadronic jet production at the CERN proton-anti-proton collider, Phys. Lett.B 132 (1983) 214 [INSPIRE].

  3. UA1 collaboration, Production of low transverse energy clusters in \( p\overline{p} \)collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 0.2 TeV to 0.9 TeV and their interpretation in terms of QCD jets, Nucl. Phys.B 309 (1988) 405 [INSPIRE].

  4. UA1 collaboration, A study of the general characteristics of \( p\overline{p} \)collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 0.2 TeV to 0.9 TeV, Nucl. Phys.B 335 (1990) 261 [INSPIRE].

  5. CDF collaboration, Charged jet evolution and the underlying event in \( p\overline{p} \)collisions at 1.8 TeV, Phys. Rev.D 65 (2002) 092002 [INSPIRE].

  6. CDF collaboration, The underlying event in hard interactions at the Tevatron \( \overline{p}p \)collider, Phys. Rev.D 70 (2004) 072002 [hep-ex/0404004] [INSPIRE].

  7. R. Field, Min-bias and the underlying event at the LHC, Acta Phys. Polon.B 42 (2011) 2631 [arXiv:1110.5530] [INSPIRE].

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. CDF collaboration, Studying the underlying event in Drell-Yan and high transverse momentum jet production at the Tevatron, Phys. Rev.D 82 (2010) 034001 [arXiv:1003.3146] [INSPIRE].

  9. CMS collaboration, First measurement of the underlying event activity at the LHC with \( \sqrt{s} \) = 0.9 TeV, Eur. Phys. J.C 70 (2010) 555 [arXiv:1006.2083] [INSPIRE].

  10. ATLAS collaboration, Measurement of underlying event characteristics using charged particles in pp collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 900 GeV and 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector, Phys. Rev.D 83 (2011) 112001 [arXiv:1012.0791] [INSPIRE].

  11. ALICE collaboration, Underlying event measurements in pp collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 0.9 and 7 TeV with the ALICE experiment at the LHC, JHEP07 (2012) 116 [arXiv:1112.2082] [INSPIRE].

  12. ATLAS collaboration, Measurement of the underlying event in jet events from 7 TeV proton-proton collisions with the ATLAS detector, Eur. Phys. J.C 74 (2014) 2965 [arXiv:1406.0392] [INSPIRE].

  13. ATLAS collaboration, Measurement of charged-particle distributions sensitive to the underlying event in \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV proton-proton collisions with the ATLAS detector at the LHC, JHEP03 (2017) 157 [arXiv:1701.05390] [INSPIRE].

  14. CMS collaboration, Measurement of the underlying event in the Drell-Yan process in proton-proton collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 7 TeV, Eur. Phys. J.C 72 (2012) 2080 [arXiv:1204.1411] [INSPIRE].

  15. ATLAS collaboration, Measurement of distributions sensitive to the underlying event in inclusive Z-boson production in pp collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector, Eur. Phys. J.C 74 (2014) 3195 [arXiv:1409.3433] [INSPIRE].

  16. CMS collaboration, Measurement of the underlying event activity in inclusive Z boson production in proton-proton collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV, JHEP07 (2018) 032 [arXiv:1711.04299] [INSPIRE].

  17. ATLAS collaboration, Measurement of distributions sensitive to the underlying event in inclusive Z-boson production in pp collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector, Eur. Phys. J.C 79 (2019) 666 [arXiv:1905.09752] [INSPIRE].

  18. T. Sjöstrand and M. van Zijl, A multiple interaction model for the event structure in hadron collisions, Phys. Rev.D 36 (1987) 2019 [INSPIRE].

  19. T. Sjöstrand and P.Z. Skands, Multiple interactions and the structure of beam remnants, JHEP03 (2004) 053 [hep-ph/0402078] [INSPIRE].

  20. T. Sjöstrand and P.Z. Skands, Transverse-momentum-ordered showers and interleaved multiple interactions, Eur. Phys. J.C 39 (2005) 129 [hep-ph/0408302] [INSPIRE].

  21. CMS collaboration, Event generator tunes obtained from underlying event and multiparton scattering measurements, Eur. Phys. J.C 76 (2016) 155 [arXiv:1512.00815] [INSPIRE].

  22. ALICE collaboration, Centrality dependence of particle production in p-Pb collisions at \( \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} \) = 5.02 TeV, Phys. Rev.C 91 (2015) 064905 [arXiv:1412.6828] [INSPIRE].

  23. C. Loizides and A. Morsch, Absence of jet quenching in peripheral nucleus-nucleus collisions, Phys. Lett.B 773 (2017) 408 [arXiv:1705.08856] [INSPIRE].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  24. ALICE collaboration, Analysis of the apparent nuclear modification in peripheral Pb-Pb collisions at 5.02 TeV, Phys. Lett.B 793 (2019) 420 [arXiv:1805.05212] [INSPIRE].

  25. J.L. Nagle and W.A. Zajc, Small system collectivity in relativistic hadronic and nuclear collisions, Ann. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci.68 (2018) 211 [arXiv:1801.03477] [INSPIRE].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  26. E. Norbeck, K. Šafařík and P.A. Steinberg, Hard-scattering results in heavy-ion collisions at the LHC, Ann. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci.64 (2014) 383 [INSPIRE].

  27. N. Armesto and E. Scomparin, Heavy-ion collisions at the Large Hadron Collider: a review of the results from run 1, Eur. Phys. J. Plus131 (2016) 52 [arXiv:1511.02151] [INSPIRE].

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. B.G. Zakharov, Jet quenching in pp and pA collisions, AIP Conf. Proc.1701 (2016) 060001 [arXiv:1412.0295] [INSPIRE].

  29. T. Martin, P. Skands and S. Farrington, Probing collective effects in hadronisation with the extremes of the underlying event, Eur. Phys. J.C 76 (2016) 299 [arXiv:1603.05298] [INSPIRE].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  30. S.G. Weber, A. Dubla, A. Andronic and A. Morsch, Elucidating the multiplicity dependence of J/ψ production in proton-proton collisions with PYTHIA8, Eur. Phys. J.C 79 (2019) 36 [arXiv:1811.07744] [INSPIRE].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  31. ALICE collaboration, The ALICE definition of primary particles, ALICE-PUBLIC-2017-005, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland (2018), pg. 1.

  32. T. Sjöstrand, S. Mrenna and P.Z. Skands, A brief introduction to PYTHIA 8.1, Comput. Phys. Commun.178 (2008) 852 [arXiv:0710.3820] [INSPIRE].

  33. H.J. Drescher, M. Hladik, S. Ostapchenko, T. Pierog and K. Werner, Parton based Gribov-Regge theory, Phys. Rept.350 (2001) 93 [hep-ph/0007198] [INSPIRE].

  34. Particle Data Group collaboration, Review of particle physics, Phys. Rev.D 98 (2018) 030001 [INSPIRE].

  35. B. Andersson, G. Gustafson, G. Ingelman and T. Sjöstrand, Parton fragmentation and string dynamics, Phys. Rept.97 (1983) 31 [INSPIRE].

  36. T. Sjöstrand, S. Mrenna and P.Z. Skands, PYTHIA 6.4 physics and manual, JHEP05 (2006) 026 [hep-ph/0603175] [INSPIRE].

  37. P. Skands, S. Carrazza and J. Rojo, Tuning PYTHIA 8.1: the Monash 2013 tune, Eur. Phys. J.C 74 (2014) 3024 [arXiv:1404.5630] [INSPIRE].

  38. NNPDF collaboration, Parton distributions with QED corrections, Nucl. Phys.B 877 (2013) 290 [arXiv:1308.0598] [INSPIRE].

  39. K. Werner, F.-M. Liu and T. Pierog, Parton ladder splitting and the rapidity dependence of transverse momentum spectra in deuteron-gold collisions at RHIC, Phys. Rev.C 74 (2006) 044902 [hep-ph/0506232] [INSPIRE].

  40. T. Pierog, I. Karpenko, J.M. Katzy, E. Yatsenko and K. Werner, EPOS LHC: test of collective hadronization with data measured at the CERN Large Hadron Collider, Phys. Rev.C 92 (2015) 034906 [arXiv:1306.0121] [INSPIRE].

  41. ALICE collaboration, The ALICE experiment at the CERN LHC, 2008 JINST3 S08002 [INSPIRE].

  42. ALICE collaboration, Performance of the ALICE experiment at the CERN LHC, Int. J. Mod. Phys.A 29 (2014) 1430044 [arXiv:1402.4476] [INSPIRE].

  43. P. Skands, S. Carrazza and J. Rojo, Tuning PYTHIA 8.1: the Monash 2013 tune, Eur. Phys. J.C 74 (2014) 3024 [arXiv:1404.5630] [INSPIRE].

  44. R. Brun et al., GEANT: detector description and simulation tool, CERN-W-5013, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland (1994), pg. 1.

  45. ALICE collaboration, Transverse momentum spectra of charged particles in proton-proton collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 900 GeV with ALICE at the LHC, Phys. Lett.B 693 (2010) 53 [arXiv:1007.0719] [INSPIRE].

  46. ALICE collaboration, Multiplicity dependence of the average transverse momentum in pp, p-Pb and Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC, Phys. Lett.B 727 (2013) 371 [arXiv:1307.1094] [INSPIRE].

  47. G. D’Agostini, A multidimensional unfolding method based on Bayes’ theorem, Nucl. Instrum. Meth.A 362 (1995) 487 [INSPIRE].

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  48. T. Adye, Unfolding algorithms and tests using RooUnfold, in Proceedings, PHYSTAT 2011 Workshop on Statistical Issues Related to Discovery Claims in Search Experiments and Unfolding, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland, 17–20 January 2011, pg. 313 [arXiv:1105.1160] [INSPIRE].

  49. A. Hocker and V. Kartvelishvili, SVD approach to data unfolding, Nucl. Instrum. Meth.A 372 (1996) 469 [hep-ph/9509307] [INSPIRE].

  50. ALICE collaboration, Energy dependence of the transverse momentum distributions of charged particles in pp collisions measured by ALICE, Eur. Phys. J.C 73 (2013) 2662 [arXiv:1307.1093] [INSPIRE].

  51. ALICE collaboration, Pseudorapidity and transverse-momentum distributions of charged particles in proton-proton collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV, Phys. Lett.B 753 (2016) 319 [arXiv:1509.08734] [INSPIRE].

  52. K. Werner, B. Guiot, I. Karpenko and T. Pierog, New developments in EPOS: parton saturation, J. Phys. Conf. Ser.458 (2013) 012020 [INSPIRE].

  53. T. Pierog, B. Guiot, I. Karpenko, G. Sophys, M. Stefaniak and K. Werner, EPOS 3 and air showers, EPJ Web Conf.210 (2019) 02008 [INSPIRE].

  54. ATLAS collaboration, Charged-particle distributions in \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV pp interactions measured with the ATLAS detector at the LHC, Phys. Lett.B 758 (2016) 67 [arXiv:1602.01633] [INSPIRE].

Download references

Open Access

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits any use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. A.I. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory (Yerevan Physics Institute) Foundation, Yerevan, Armenia

    A. Grigoryan

  2. Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine

    A. Alkin, V. Trubnikov, V. Yurchenko & G. Zinovjev

  3. Bose Institute, Department of Physics and Centre for Astroparticle Physics and Space Science (CAPSS), Kolkata, India

    M. A. Bhat, R. Biswas, S. Biswas, P. Das, S. Das, B. Debjani, S. K. Ghosh, A. Modak, S. K. Prasad & S. Raha

  4. Budker Institute for Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk, Russia

    Y. Pestov

  5. California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California, United States

    J. L. Klay

  6. Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China

    H. M. Alfanda, M. N. Anaam, P. Bartalini, W. Chang, P. Cui, Y. Ding, F. Fan, M. Hamid, S. Kar, A. M. Khan, X. L. Li, Y. Mao, C. Mengke, H. Pei, X. Peng, X. Ren, S. Tang, R. Xu, Z. Yin, X. Zhang, Z. Zhang, D. Zhou, J. Zhu & Y. Zhu

  7. Centre de Calcul de l’IN2P3, Villeurbanne, Lyon, France

    R. Vernet

  8. Centro de Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desarrollo Nuclear (CEADEN), Havana, Cuba

    R. A. Diaz, E. López Torres & G. M. Perez

  9. Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV), Mexico City and Mérida, Mexico

    G. Herrera Corral & S. R. Torres

  10. Centro Fermi — Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche “Enrico Fermi’, Rome, Italy

    N. Agrawal, A. Alici, F. Carnesecchi, L. Cifarelli, D. De Gruttola, D. Hatzifotiadou, R. Nania, F. Noferini, S. Pisano, J.-P. Revol, J. Wilkinson & A. Zichichi

  11. Chicago State University, Chicago, Illinois, United States

    E. Garcia-Solis & A. Harton

  12. China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing, China

    X. Li

  13. Comenius University Bratislava, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Bratislava, Slovakia

    M. Meres, M. Pikna, B. Sitar, A. Szabo & I. Szarka

  14. COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan

    Y. Ali, J. B. Butt, S. A. Hussain, M. U. Naru, M. Suleymanov, U. Tabassam & A. Zaman

  15. Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, United States

    C. Anson, R. Hosokawa & J. E. Seger

  16. Department of Physics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India

    S. Ahmad, B. Ali, M. D. Azmi, S. Khan, A. Khatun & M. Mohisin Khan

  17. Department of Physics, Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea

    H. Kim, B. Lim & I.-K. Yoo

  18. Department of Physics, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

    S. Kim

  19. Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States

    D. U. Dixit, E. D. Lesser, A. Liu & F. Torales-Acosta

  20. Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway

    I. C. Arsene, O. Dordic, A. Lardeux, S. M. Mahmood, Q. W. Malik, A. Neagu, M. Richter, K. Røed, T. B. Skaali, T. S. Tveter & J. Wikne

  21. Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway

    J. Alme, L. Altenkamper, Ø. Djuvsland, V. N. Eikeland, M. R. Ersdal, F. M. Fionda, O. S. Groettvik, I. M. Lofnes, J. Nystrand, A. Rehman, D. Röhrich, G. J. Tambave, K. Ullaland, B. Wagner, S. Yang, S. Yuan & Z. Zhou

  22. Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università ‘La Sapienza’ and Sezione INFN, Rome, Italy

    F. Meddi

  23. Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Cagliari, Italy

    S. Boi, A. Chauvin, A. De Falco, B. Paul & G. L. Usai

  24. Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Trieste, Italy

    P. Camerini, G. Contin, R. Lea, G. V. Margagliotti, R. Rui & V. Zaccolo

  25. Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy

    L. Barioglio, S. Beole, A. Bianchi, L. Bianchi, E. Botta, Y. Corrales Morales, S. Delsanto, A. Ferretti, M. Gagliardi, M. Masera, L. Micheletti, M. Puccio & E. Vercellin

  26. Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy

    A. Alici, S. Arcelli, F. Carnesecchi, L. Cifarelli, M. Colocci, G. Scioli & A. Zichichi

  27. Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Catania, Italy

    R. Barbera, K. Garg, P. La Rocca, C. Pinto & F. Riggi

  28. Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Padova, Italy

    F. Baruffaldi, M. Faggin, P. Giubilato, M. Lunardon, A. Rossi, F. Soramel & S. Trogolo

  29. Dipartimento di Fisica ‘E.R. Caianiello’ dell’Università and Gruppo Collegato INFN, Salerno, Italy

    A. De Caro, S. De Pasquale, M. Fusco Girard, E. Meninno, L. D. Stritto & T. Virgili

  30. Dipartimento DISAT del Politecnico and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy

    M. Agnello, S. Bufalino, F. Catalano, P. Fecchio, F. Grosa & I. Ravasenga

  31. Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica dell’Università del Piemonte Orientale and INFN Sezione di Torino, Alessandria, Italy

    P. Cortese, L. Ramello & M. Sitta

  32. Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica ‘M. Merlin’ and Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy

    D. Di Bari, G. Trombetta & G. Volpe

  33. European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland

    G. Aglieri Rinella, D. Andreou, M. Angeletti, A. Augustinus, K. Barth, F. Bellini, L. Betev, F. Bock, P. Buncic, S. Chapeland, V. Chibante Barroso, P. Chochula, F. Costa, A. Di Mauro, R. Divià, A. Dobrin, G. Eulisse, A. Festanti, U. Fuchs, C. Gargiulo, C. Grigoras, J. F. Grosse-Oetringhaus, J. A. Hasenbichler, H. Hillemanns, P. Hristov, J. P. Iddon, G. M. Innocenti, A. Kalweit, P. Karczmarczyk, M. Keil, A. Kluge, M. L. Knichel, P. J. Konopka, K. Lapidus, E. Laudi, M. Lettrich, M. Mager, P. Martinengo, M. Martinez Pedreira, N. Mohammadi, A. Morsch, T. Mrnjavac, L. Musa, O. Pinazza, M. Puccio, F. Reidt, P. Riedler, W. Riegler, D. Rohr, Y. Schutz, R. Shahoyan, G. Simonetti, M. Suljic, A. Tauro, A. Telesca, P. Vande Vyvre, B. Volkel, B. von Haller, A. Wegrzynek, S. C. Wenzel, G. A. Willems, C. Zampolli, N. Zardoshti & M. B. Zimmermann

  34. Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Split, Split, Croatia

    S. Gotovac, P. Loncar, E. Mudnic & L. Vickovic

  35. Faculty of Engineering and Science, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway

    H. Helstrup, K. F. Hetland, B. Kileng, S. V. Nesbo & M. M. Storetvedt

  36. Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic

    J. Bielčík, M. Broz, J. G. Contreras, T. Herman, D. Horak, K. Krizkova Gajdosova, R. Lavicka, V. Petráček & K. Šafařík

  37. Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University, Kǒsice, Slovakia

    M. Bombara, A. Kravčáková, Z. Rescakova, M. Šefčík, L. Tropp, M. Vala & J. Vrláková

  38. Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany

    J. de Cuveland, S. Gorbunov, D. Hutter, S. Kirsch, I. Kisel, M. Krzewicki, S. L. La Pointe, J. Lehrbach, V. Lindenstruth & G. Neskovic

  39. Fudan University, Shanghai, China

    Y. Ma, Q. Shou & S. Zhang

  40. Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea

    Y. W. Baek & J. S. Kim

  41. Gauhati University, Department of Physics, Guwahati, India

    B. Bhattacharjee, N. Hussain & P. Sarma

  42. Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany

    M. Ball, P. Hauer, B. Ketzer, T. Mahmoud & V. Ratza

  43. Helsinki Institute of Physics (HIP), Helsinki, Finland

    E. J. Brucken, T. E. Hilden, V. Litichevskyi, R. Orava, S. S. Räsänen, O. A. M. Saarimaki & T. W. Snellman

  44. High Energy Physics Group, Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico

    R. S. Camacho, A. Fernández Téllez, P. González-Zamora, I. B. Guzman, E. G. Hernandez, M. I. Martínez, L. A. P. Moreno, M. Rodríguez Cahuantzi, G. Tejeda Muñoz, A. Vargas, S. Vergara Limón & A. Villatoro Tello

  45. Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan

    K. Shigaki, T. Sugitate & K. Yamakawa

  46. Hochschule Worms, Zentrum für Technologietransfer und Telekommunikation (ZTT), Worms, Germany

    R. Keidel

  47. Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania

    C. Andrei, A. Bercuci, A. Herghelegiu, M. Petrovici, A. Pop, C. Schiaua & M. G. Tarzila

  48. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT), Mumbai, India

    D. Bauri, H. Bhatt, P. Chakraborty, S. Dash, P. Dhankher, S. Kumar, B. Naik, B. K. Nandi, R. Nayak, A. K. Pandey, B. Sahoo, P. Sahoo & T. Tripathy

  49. Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India

    S. Deb, P. Pareek, R. Rath, S. P. Rode, A. Roy, P. Sahoo, R. Sahoo, R. Singh, D. Thakur & S. Tripathy

  50. Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Jakarta, Indonesia

    S. Sumowidagdo

  51. INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy

    N. Bianchi, A. Fantoni, P. Gianotti, P. Larionov, V. Muccifora, S. Pisano, F. Ronchetti & M. Toppi

  52. INFN, Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy

    C. Ceballos Sanchez, F. Colamaria, D. Colella, G. de Cataldo, D. Elia, G. Fiorenza, V. Manzari, A. Mastroserio, M. Mazzilli, E. Nappi & G. Vino

  53. INFN, Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy

    N. Agrawal, A. Alici, P. Antonioli, F. Cindolo, D. Hatzifotiadou, N. Jacazio, A. Margotti, R. Nania, F. Noferini, O. Pinazza, R. Preghenella, E. Scapparone & J. Wilkinson

  54. INFN, Sezione di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy

    E. A. R. Casula, C. Cicalo, A. Masoni & S. Siddhanta

  55. INFN, Sezione di Catania, Catania, Italy

    A. Badalà, G. Mandaglio, D. Pistone & A. Trifiro

  56. INFN, Sezione di Padova, Padova, Italy

    F. Antinori, A. Dainese, A. Rossi & R. Turrisi

  57. INFN, Sezione di Roma, Rome, Italy

    M. A. Mazzoni

  58. INFN, Sezione di Torino, Turin, Italy

    B. Alessandro, R. Arnaldi, S. Bagnasco, D. Berzano, E. Bruna, M. Concas, N. De Marco, A. Feliciello, P. Giubellino, J. Klein, C. Oppedisano, B. Paul, F. Prino, E. Scomparin & S. Vallero

  59. INFN, Sezione di Trieste, Trieste, Italy

    E. Fragiacomo, G. Luparello & S. Piano

  60. Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea

    N. K. Behera, S. Cho, B. Kim, V. Kučera, M. J. Kweon, J. Y. Kwon, J. Park, J. Song & J. H. Yoon

  61. Institut de Physique Nucléaire d’Orsay (IPNO), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules (IN2P3/CNRS), Université de Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France

    S. Aziz, Z. Conesa del Valle, B. Espagnon, C. Hadjidakis, C. Huang, L. Massacrier & C. Suire

  62. Institute for Nuclear Research, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

    U. Dmitrieva, D. Finogeev, A. Furs, O. Karavichev, T. Karavicheva, E. Karpechev, A. Kurepin, A. B. Kurepin, A. Maevskaya, Y. Melikyan, I. Morozov, I. Pshenichnov, D. Serebryakov, A. Shabanov, A. Tikhonov & N. Topilskaya

  63. Institute for Subatomic Physics, Utrecht University/Nikhef, Utrecht, Netherlands

    C. Bedda, A. Grelli, M. R. Haque, S. Jaelani, J. Margutti, A. Mischke, A. P. Mohanty, T. Peitzmann, M. H. P. Sas, R. J. M. Snellings, B. A. Trzeciak, N. van der Kolk, L. V. R. van Doremalen, M. van Leeuwen, A. M. Veen, L. Vermunt, H. Yokoyama & H. J. C. Zanoli

  64. Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovakia

    P. Kalinak, I. Králik, M. Krivda & J. Musinsky

  65. Institute of Physics, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Bhubaneswar, India

    S. Sahoo, P. K. Sahu & S. Swain

  66. Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic

    J. Mareš & P. Závada

  67. Institute of Space Science (ISS), Bucharest, Romania

    M. G. Besoiu, A. Danu, A. Dobrin, C. Ristea, A. Sevcenco & I. Stan

  68. Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany

    T. Alt, H. Appelshäuser, R. Bailhache, E. Bartsch, C. Blume, L. Bratrud, H. Buesching, P. Dillenseger, B. Dönigus, S. T. Heckel, E. Hellbär, A. Hornung, P. Huhn, J. Jung, M. Jung, S. Kirsch, C. Klein, M. Kleiner, J. Konig, M. Krüger, M. Marquard, A. F. Mechler, R. H. Munzer, R. A. Negrao De Oliveira, E. Perez Lezama, V. Peskov, F. Pliquett, P. Reichelt, R. Renfordt, H. S. Scheid, N. V. Schmidt, A. Toia & J. Wiechula

  69. Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico

    E. Cuautle, A. N. Mishra, L. Nellen, A. Ortiz Velasquez, G. Paić & E. D. Rosas

  70. Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil

    M. B. Gay Ducati, L. G. Pereira & R. P. Pezzi

  71. Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico

    R. Alfaro Molina, D. M. Goméz Coral, V. Grabski, A. Menchaca-Rocha & E. Serradilla

  72. iThemba LABS, National Research Foundation, Somerset West, South Africa

    Z. Buthelezi & S. Foertsch

  73. Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea

    E. J. Kim & J. Kim

  74. Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe Universität Frankfurt Institut für Informatik, Fachbereich Informatik und Mathematik, Frankfurt, Germany

    A. Adler, H. Engel, A. Gomez Ramirez, T. Janson & U. Kebschull

  75. Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), Dubna, Russia

    B. Batyunya, S. Grigoryan, A. Kondratyev, L. Malinina, K. Mikhaylov, P. Nomokonov, V. Pozdniakov, E. Rogochaya, B. Rumyantsev & A. Vodopyanov

  76. Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, Republic of Korea

    S. U. Ahn

  77. KTO Karatay University, Konya, Turkey

    A. Karasu Uysal & S. Yalcin

  78. Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS-IN2P3, Grenoble, France

    G. Conesa Balbastre, J. Faivre, C. Furget, R. Guernane & J. Norman

  79. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, United States

    N. Apadula, M. Arratia, A. Collu, L. Greiner, B. Jacak, P. M. Jacobs, S. Klein, Y. S. Lai, J. D. Mulligan & M. Płoskoń

  80. Lund University Department of Physics, Division of Particle Physics, Lund, Sweden

    J. Adolfsson, P. Christiansen, O. Matonoha, A. F. Nassirpour, A. Ohlson, A. Oskarsson, T. Richert, O. V. Rueda, D. Silvermyr & E. Stenlund

  81. Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science, Nagasaki, Japan

    H. Hamagaki, M. Ogino & K. Oyama

  82. Nara Women’s University (NWU), Nara, Japan

    M. Shimomura

  83. National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Science, Department of Physics, Athens, Greece

    P. Ganoti & M. Vasileiou

  84. National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland

    A. Deloff, O. Kovalenko, P. Kurashvili, R. Nair, K. Redlich, T. Siemiarczuk & G. Wilk

  85. National Institute of Science Education and Research, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Jatni, India

    P. Das, A. Dash, S. De, M. Dukhishyam, M. R. Haque, S. Kundu, B. Mohanty, T. K. Nayak & R. Singh

  86. National Nuclear Research Center, Baku, Azerbaijan

    A. Garibli & A. Rustamov

  87. National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia

    D. Aleksandrov, D. Blau, S. Fokin, M. Ippolitov, A. Kazantsev, V. Manko, S. Nikolaev, S. Nikulin, A. Nyanin, D. Peresunko, E. Ryabinkin, Y. Sibiriak, A. Vasiliev & A. Vinogradov

  88. Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

    I. G. Bearden, C. H. Christensen, J. J. Gaardhøje, K. Gulbrandsen, B. S. Nielsen, V. Pacik, T. Richert, J. Schukraft, F. Thoresen, V. Vislavicius & Y. Zhou

  89. Nikhef, National institute for subatomic physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands

    D. Caffarri, P. Christakoglou, Z. Khabanova, P. G. Kuijer, F. Lehas, I. Ravasenga & G. Simatovic

  90. NRC Kurchatov Institute IHEP, Protvino, Russia

    S. Evdokimov, V. Izucheev, Y. Kharlov, E. Kondratyuk, B. Polichtchouk, R. Rogalev, S. Sadovsky & A. Shangaraev

  91. NRC “Kurchatov Institute” — ITEP, Moscow, Russia

    A. Akindinov, S. Kiselev, D. Mal’Kevich, K. Mikhaylov, S. Shirinkin, R. Sultanov & K. Voloshin

  92. NRNU Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia

    V. Belyaev, A. Bogdanov, A. Bolozdynya, A. Borissov, V. Grigoriev, V. Kaplin, N. Kondratyeva, V. Loginov, Y. Melikyan, V. Samsonov & I. Selyuzhenkov

  93. Nuclear Physics Group, STFC Daresbury Laboratory, Daresbury, United Kingdom

    L. S. Barnby & R. C. Lemmon

  94. Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Řež u Prahy, Czech Republic

    D. Adamová, J. Bielčíková, A. Isakov, F. Krizek, S. Kushpil & M. Šumbera

  95. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States

    F. Bock, T. M. Cormier, L. Cunqueiro, M. Fasel, H. Hassan, F. Jonas, C. Loizides, M. G. Poghosyan, K. F. Read, B. Sc