Abstract
We compute the pseudo entropy in two-dimensional holographic and free Dirac fermion CFTs for excited states under joining local quenches. Our analysis reveals two of its characteristic properties that are missing in the conventional entanglement entropy. One is that, under time evolution, the pseudo entropy exhibits a dip behavior as the excitations propagate from the joined point to the boundaries of the subsystem. The other is that the excess of pseudo entropy over entanglement entropy can be positive in holographic CFTs, whereas it is always non-positive in free Dirac fermion CFTs. We argue that the entropy excess can serve as a measure of multi-partite entanglement. Its positivity implies that the vacuum state in holographic CFTs possesses multi-partite entanglement, in contrast to free Dirac fermion CFTs.
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Acknowledgments
We are grateful to Pawel Caputa and Shinsei Ryu for useful discussions. This work is supported by MEXT KAKENHI Grant-in-Aid for Transformative Research Areas (A) through the “Extreme Universe” collaboration: Grant Number 21H05187. TT is also supported by Inamori Research Institute for Science and by JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A) No. 21H04469. We thank the YITP-ExU long-term workshop “Quantum Information, Quantum Matter and Quantum Gravity” (YITP-T-23-01), where a part of this work was completed.
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Shinmyo, K., Takayanagi, T. & Tasuki, K. Pseudo entropy under joining local quenches. J. High Energ. Phys. 2024, 111 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP02(2024)111
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP02(2024)111