Abstract
The dilaton ϕ is a pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson associated with the spontaneous breaking of scale invariance in a nearly conformal theory, and couples to the trace of the stress-energy tensor. We analyze experimental constraints on a light dilaton with mass in the MeV–GeV range from rare meson decays. New model-independent inclusive bounds for the b → sϕ transition largely exclude the parameter space of a light dilaton that could explain the muon g − 2 anomaly. Despite similarities between a dilaton and a Higgs-portal scalar, the dilaton-photon coupling is enhanced compared to the Higgs-portal scalar due to contributions from loops of the conformal sector. Consequently, the shortened lifetime of the dilaton relaxes bounds from K → π + invisible searches at the NA62 experiment and constraints from the Big Bang Nucleosynthesis. We utilize this fact to search for the dilaton signature at a lepton collider such as the ongoing Belle II experiment. Further, we demonstrate how to extract the CP property of the dilaton using the variation of the differential cross-section of e+e− → e+e−ϕ with the azimuthal angle between the outgoing leptons.
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Acknowledgments
SG thanks Prof. R. Shrock for helpful discussions. YN is supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China under grant No. 12150610465. KT is supported by in part the US Department of Energy grant DE-SC0010102 and JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (Grant No. 21H01086).
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Girmohanta, S., Nakai, Y., Shigekami, Y. et al. Light dilaton in rare meson decays and extraction of its CP property. J. High Energ. Phys. 2024, 153 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP01(2024)153
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP01(2024)153