Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the types and concentrations of auxins and cytokinins that would result in effective culture initiation and plant regeneration of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.). Whole caryopses and young seedling explants were cultured on MS medium containing different concentrations of picloram or 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d) in combination with benzyladenine. Best results from mature caryopses were obtained with 11.3–45.0 μM 2,4-d in combination with 15.0 or 45.0 μM benzyladenine (BA). More than 300 plants were obtained per embryogenic callus from some treatments after the second transfer to regeneration medium (90 days after initiation of the cultures). Regeneration was obtained from young seedling explants with both auxins. However, picloram was more effective over a wider range of BA concentrations than 2,4-d. Protocols developed during this study were used to regenerate hundreds of plants which could easily be established in the field.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Conger BV, Hanning GE, Gray DJ & McDaniel JK (1983) Direct embryogenesis from mesophyll cells of orchardgrass. Science 221: 850–851
Conger BV & Gray DJ (1984) In vitro culture in forage grass improvement. In: Barker RE & Burson BL (Eds) Proc. 28th Grass Breeders Work Planning. Conf. (pp 50–64). USDA, Mandan
Denchev PD & Conger BV (1994) Plant regeneration from callus cultures of switchgrass. Crop Sci. (in press)
Gray DJ, Conger BV & Hanning GE (1984) Somatic embryogenesis in suspension and suspension-derived callus cultures of Dactylis glomerata. Protoplasma 122: 196–202
Morrish FV, Vasil V & Vasil IK (1987) Developmental morphogenesis and genetic manipulation in tissue and cell cultures of Gramineae. Adv. Genet 24: 431–499
Murashige T & Skoog F (1962) A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol. Plant. 15: 473–497
Schenk RU & Hildebrandt AC (1972) Medium and techniques for induction and growth of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plant cell cultures. Can. J. Bot. 50: 199–204
Vasil IK (1987) Developing cell and tissue culture systems for the improvement of cereal and grass crops. J. Plant Physiol. 128: 193–218
Wenck AR, Conger BV, Trigiano RN & Sams CE (1988) Inhibition of somatic embryogenesis in orchardgrass by endogenous cytokinins. Plant Physiol. 88: 990–992
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Denchev, P.D., Conger, B.V. In vitro culture of switchgrass: Influence of 2,4-d and picloram in combination with benzyladenine on callus initiation and regeneration. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 40, 43–48 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00041117
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00041117