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Comparison of Anthropometry and Parent-reported Height and Weight Among Nine Year Olds

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Abstract

Background

There is mounting evidence that the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children is reaching epidemic proportions in North America. We compared parent-report vs. measured BMI overweight and obesity prevalence estimates among 9 year olds using the 1996 NLSCY reports published by Willms et al. (2003) and anthropometric measurements from a regional population of public school children.

Methods

Body mass index (BMI) was calculated for 1,497 9-year-old children (males N=734; females N=763) from 75 public schools in the Niagara Region of Ontario, Canada. BMI from the 1996 NLSCY was based on parental reports of height and weight of 879 nine year olds. To define overweight and obese children, we used internationally accepted age- and gender-specific cut-offs as defined by Cole et al. (2000).

Results

The NLSCY overweight prevalence estimates of boys and girls may overestimate overweight boys and girls by 17% and 10%, respectively. Measured obesity prevalence estimates were similar to parent-reports.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that parental reports of height and weight may inflate prevalence estimates of overweight children, but appear reasonably accurate for estimating obesity. Since prevalence of overweight and obesity are often combined to form a global estimate, reliance on parent-reported height and weight may overstate the magnitude of the problem.

Résumé

Contexte

Il apparaît de plus en plus que le surpoids et l’obésité chez les enfants prennent des proportions épidémiques en Amérique du Nord. Nous avons comparé les estimations de prévalence du surpoids et de l’obésité chez les enfants de 9 ans, selon les déclarations parentales et selon la mesure directe de l’indice de masse corporelle (IMC) des enfants, en nous aidant des rapports tirés de l’Enquête longitudinale nationale sur les enfants et les jeunes (ELNEJ) de 1996 publiés par Willms et coll. (2003) et des mesures anthropométriques d’une population régionale d’enfants fréquentant l’école publique.

Méthode

Nous avons calculé l’IMC de 1 497 enfants de 9 ans (734 garçons et 763 filles) fréquentant 75 écoles publiques de la région de Niagara, en Ontario (Canada). Les IMC figurant dans l’ELNEJ de 1996 étaient fondés sur les déclarations parentales de la taille et du poids de 879 enfants de 9 ans. Pour catégoriser les enfants obèses et ceux présentant un surpoids, nous avons utilisé les seuils de démarcation selon l’âge et le sexe définis par Cole et coll. (2000), qui sont internationalement acceptés.

Résultats

Les estimations de prévalence du surpoids chez les garçons et les filles selon l’ELNEJ pourraient surestimer (de 17 % chez les garçons et de 10 % chez les filles) la proportion d’enfants présentant un surpoids. Par contre, les estimations de prévalence de l’obésité tirées des mesures anthropométriques et des déclarations parentales étaient semblables.

Conclusion

Ces résultats donnent à penser que les déclarations parentales de la taille et du poids pourraient gonfler les estimations de prévalence du surpoids chez les enfants, mais que ces estimations sont raisonnablement précises pour ce qui est de l’obésité. Comme on combine souvent la prévalence du surpoids et de l’obésité pour produire une estimation globale, on risque de surestimer l’ampleur du problème si l’on se fie aux déclarations parentales de la taille et du poids.

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Correspondence to Terrance J. Wade PhD.

Additional information

Acknowledgements: This study was supported by research grant # 66959 from the Canadian Institutes for Health Research (Principal Investigators: Dr. Hay & Dr. Cairney). Drs. Wade and Cairney are supported through the Canada Research Chair program by SSHRC and CIHR, respectively.

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Banach, A., Wade, T.J., Cairney, J. et al. Comparison of Anthropometry and Parent-reported Height and Weight Among Nine Year Olds. Can J Public Health 98, 251–253 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03405397

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03405397

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