Skip to main content
Log in

Opportunities for a Broader Understanding of Work and Health: Multiple Uses of an Occupational Cohort Database

  • Published:
Canadian Journal of Public Health Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Occupational cohort studies conducted to study cancer incidence and mortality require extensive data gathering about workers’ job histories, exposures, and health outcomes. Although this process is expensive, the database created can be looked upon as a resource for broad investigations of the relationship between work and health. This paper presents the example of a retrospective cohort study which began in the traditional way, examining the link between a specific pesticide exposure and mortality and cancer incidence. The cohort register has since been used to investigate whether infertility, adverse reproductive outcomes, and childhood cancers might be associated with this exposure. It is also being used as the basis for studying other sawmill exposures including noise and wood dust, as well as socioeconomic factors including job strain, job mobility, unemployment, and retraining. This approach allows both the efficient use of occupational cohorts as well as providing the opportunity for investigators to develop a more comprehensive perspective on the determinants of the health status of workers and their families.

Résumé

Les études de cohortes professionnelles menées pour étudier la mortalité par cancer et l’incidence de cette maladie exigent que l’on rassemble un très grand nombre de données concernant les antécédents professionnels des travailleurs, leurs expositions aux risques, et les résultats en termes de santé. Bien que cela soit coûteux, on peut voir la base de données ainsi créée comme une ressource utile pour mener de vastes enquêtes sur les rapports qui existent entre le travail et la santé. Cet article présente le cas d’une étude de cohorte rétrospective qui a eu recours aux méthodes traditionnelles pour examiner le lien entre l’exposition à un pesticide spécifique et les taux de mortalité et d’incidence du cancer. Le registre de la cohorte a depuis servi à voir si l’infécondité, les issues défavorables en termes de reproduction et les cancers des enfants pouvaient être associés à cette exposition. On s’en est également servi pour étudier les risques posés par d’autres éléments auxquels on est exposé dans une scierie comme le bruit et la sciure de bois, ainsi que des facteurs économiques comme le stress dû au travail, la mobilité professionnelle, le chômage et le recyclage professionnel. Cette approche permet un meilleur recours aux cohortes professionnelles en plus d’offrir aux chercheurs la possibilité de développer une perspective plus complète sur les déterminants de l’état de santé des travailleurs et de leurs familles.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Checkoway H, Pearce NE, Crawford-Brown DJ. Research Methods in Occupational Epidemiology. New York: Oxford, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Selikoff IJ, Hammond EC, Seidman H. Mortality experiences of insulation workers in the United States and Canada. 1943–1976. Ann NY Acad Sci 1979;330:91–116.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Blair A, Stewart P, O’Berg M, et al. Mortality among industrial workers exposed to formaldehyde. J Nat Cancer Inst 1986;76:1071–84.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Kogevinas M, Kauppinen T, Winkelmann R, et al. Soft-tissue sarcoma and non-Hodgkin’s lym-phoma in workers exposed to phenoxy herbicides, chlorophenols, and dioxins: Two nested case-control studies. Epidemiol 1995;6:396–402.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Acheson E, Pippard E, Winter P. Mortality of English furniture makers. Scand J Work Environ Health 1984;10:211–17.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Spinelli J, Band P, Svirchev L, Gallagher R. Mortality and cancer incidence in aluminum reduction plant workers. J Occup Med 1991;33:1150–55.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Hertzman C, Teschke K, Ostry A, et al. Mortality and cancer incidence among a cohort of sawmill workers exposed to chlorophenate wood preservatives. Am J Public Health 1997;87:71–79.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Hertzman C, Teschke K, Dimich-Ward H, Ostry A. Validity and reliability of a method for retrospective evaluation of chlorophenate exposure in the lumber industry. Am J Ind Med 1988;14:703–13.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Teschke K, Hertzman C, Dimich-Ward H, et al. A comparison of exposure estimates by worker raters and industrial hygienists. Scand J Work Environ Health 1989;15:424–29.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Teschke K, Marion SA, Ostry A, et al. Retrospective chlorophenol exposure assessment in the sawmill industry: Reliability of estimates of worker exposure over five decades. Am J Ind Med 1996;30:616–22.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Teschke K, Hertzman C, Fenske R, et al. A history of process and chemical changes for fungicide application in the western Canadian lumber industry: What can we learn? Appl Occup Environ Hyg 1994;9:984–93.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Eskenazi B, Kimmel G. Workshop on perinatal exposure to dioxin-like compounds II. Reproductive effects. Environ Health Perspect 1995(Suppl 2);103:143–45.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  13. Erickson JD, Mulinare J, McClain PW, et al. Vietnam veterans risks for fathering babies with birth defects. JAMA 1984;252:903–12.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Aschengrau A, Monson RR. Paternal military service in Vietnam and the risk of late adverse pregnancy outcomes. Am J Public Health 1990;80:1218–24.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Townsend JC, Bodner KM, van Peenen PFD, et al. Survey of reproductive events of wives of employees exposed to chlorinated dioxins. Am J Epidemiol 1982;115:695–713.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Heacock H, Hogg R, Hershler R, et al. Fertility among a cohort of male sawmill workers exposed to chlorophenate wood preservatives. Epidemiol 1998;9:56–60.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Dimich-Ward H, Hertzman C, Teschke K, et al. The reproductive effects of paternal exposure to chlorophenate wood preservatives in the sawmill industry. Scand J Work Environ Health 1996;22:267–73.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Baird PA, Anderson TW, Newcombe HB, Lowry RB. Genetic disorders in children and young adults: A population study. Am J Hum Genet 1988;42:677–93.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  19. IARC Working Group. Wood dust and formaldehyde (IARC monographs on the evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to humans, vol 62). Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Thompson SJ. Review: Extraaural health effects of chronic noise exposure in humans. Schriftenreihe des Vereins fur Wasser-, Boden-, und Lufthygiene 1993;88:91–117.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. De Joy DM. The non auditory effects of noise: Review and perspectives for research. J Auditory Res 1984;24:123–50.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Kristensen TS. Cardiovascular diseases and the work environment. Scand J Work Environ Health 1989;15:165–79.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Moll van Charante AW, Mulder PG. Perceptual acuity and the risk of industrial accidents. Am J Epidemiol 1990;131(4):652–63.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Johnson JV, Stewart W, Hall EM, et al. Long-term psychosocial work environment and cardiovascular mortality among Swedish men. Am J Public Health 1996;86(3):324–31.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Schnall PL, Landsbergis PA. Job strain and cardiovascular disease. Annu Rev Public Health 1994;15:381–411.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Siegrist J, Peter R, Junge A, et al. Low status control, high effort at work and ischemic heart disease: Prospective evidence from blue-collar men. Soc Sci Med 1990;31(10):1127–34.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Karasek R, Theorell T. Healthy Work. New York: Basic Books, 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Ostry A, Hertzman C. The B.C. sawmill industry: A case study of community and ecological sustainability. International Conference on Sustaining Ecosystems and People in Temperate and Boreal Forests. Victoria, BC, September, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kay Teschke PhD.

Additional information

Sources of Support: Health Canada, National Health Research Development Program, Medical Research Council of Canada, Natural Science and Engineering Research Council, British Columbia Health Research Foundation, Workers’ Compensation Board of British Columbia, and Forest Renewal British Columbia

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Teschke, K., Ostry, A., Hertzman, C. et al. Opportunities for a Broader Understanding of Work and Health: Multiple Uses of an Occupational Cohort Database. Can J Public Health 89, 132–136 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03404406

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03404406

Navigation