Skip to main content
Log in

Solid State Physics in Electronics and in Metallurgy

  • Transaction
  • Published:
JOM Aims and scope Submit manuscript

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

References

  1. The material of this section is presented more fully in ‘Electrons and Holes in Semiconductors” by W. Shockley. (1950) New York. D. Van Nostrand Co., and “Holes and Electrons” Physics Today (1950) 3, pp. 16–24.

    Google Scholar 

  2. J. R. Haynes and W. Shockley: Investigation of Hole Injection in Transistor Action. Physical Review (1949) 75, p. 691.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. J. R. Haynes and W. Shockley: Mobility and Life of Injected Holes in Germanium. Physical Review (1951) 81, pp. 835–843.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. See references 2 and 3 and J. R. Haynes and W. Westphal: Drift Mobility of Electrons in Silicon. Physical Review (1952) 85, p. 680.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. J. Bardeen and W. H. Brattain: The Transistor, a Semiconductor Triode. Physical Review (1948) 74, p. 230; Physical Principles of Transistor Action. Physical Review (1949) 75, pp. 1208–1255.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. The theory of the junction transistor was published in the Bell System Technical Journal for July 1949; the performance of microwatt junction transistors was presented in July 1952. Some references are W. Shockley: The Theory of p-n Junctions in Semiconductors and p-n Junction Transistors. Bell System Technical Journal (1949) 28, pp. 435–489

    Google Scholar 

  7. W. Shockley; M. Sparks, and G. K. Teal: p-n Junction Transistors. Physical Review (1951) 83, pp. 151–162

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. R. L. Wallace and W. J. Pietenpol: Some Circuit Properties and Applications of n-p-n Transistors. Bell System Technical Journal (1951) 30, pp. 530–563.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. For a review of the early work by L. Prandtl, U. Dehlinger, E. Orowan, M. Polyani, and G. I. Taylor and references to their papers, see F. Seitz: The Physics of Metals. (1943) New York. McGraw-Hill Book Co., or review articles such as F. Seitz and T. A. Read: Journal of Applied Physics (1951) 12, pp. 100, 170, 470, 538. Several monographs have recently been published: Report of a Conference on Strength of Solids. The Physical Society, London, (1948); A Symposium on the Plastic Deformation of Solids. Carnegie Inst, of Tech. and Dept. of the Navy, Office of Naval Research, Pittsburgh, (1950); Imperfections in Nearly Perfect Crystals. (1952) New York. John Wiley and Sons. Books on the theory of dislocations are understood to be in preparation by F. R. N. Nabarro and W. T. Read, Jr.

    Google Scholar 

  10. G. I. Taylor: Proc. Royal Soc. (1934) 145, p. 362, emphasized the role of dislocations of this sort and the interactions between them in the phenomenon of work hardening.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. F. R. N. Nabarro: Proc. Physical Soc. (1947) 58, p. 669.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. A series of four papers have been published as follows: (See also (b) (a) A dynamical model of a crystal structure: W. L. Bragg and J. F. Nye: Proc. Royal Soc. (1947) A190, p. 474

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. W. L. Bragg and W. M. Lomer: Proc. Royal Soc. (1949) A196, p. 171

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. W. M. Lomer: Proc. Royal Soc. (1949) A196, p. 182; W. M. Lomer and J. F. Nye: Proc. Royal Soc. I. press, (b) The forces between floating bubbles and a quantitative study of the Bragg “Bubble Model” of a crystal

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. W. M. Lomer: Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc. (1949) 45, p. 660

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. M. M. Nicolson: Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc. (1949) 45, p. 288.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. J. M. Burgers: Proc. Kon. Wed. Akad, v. Wet. Amsterdam (1939) 42, p. 293.

    Google Scholar 

  18. F. C. Frank and W. T. Read, Jr.: Physical Review (1950) 79, p. 722.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. A. Masing and M. Polyani: Ergeb. Exakt. Naturwiss (1933) 2, p. 177.

    Google Scholar 

  20. F. C. Frank: Dislocations in Crystals. Solvay Conference, Brussels, Belgium, Oct. 1951. In press.

    Google Scholar 

  21. A. R. Verma: Philosophical Magazine (1951) 42, p. 1005.

    Google Scholar 

  22. I. M. Dawson and V. Vand: Nature (1951) 167, p. 476; and Proc. Royal Soc. (1951) A206, p. 555.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. W. L. Bragg: Proc. Physical Soc. (1940) 52, p. 54.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. J. M. Burgers: Proc. Physical Soc. (1940) 52, p. 23.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. W. T. Read, Jr., and W. Shockley: Physical Review (1949) 75, p. 692; (1950) 78, p. 275.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. C. G. Dunn and F. Lionetti: Trans. AIME (1949) 185, p. 125; Journal of Metals (February 1949).

    Google Scholar 

  27. C. G. Dunn, F. W. Daniels, and M. J. Bolton: Trans. AIME (1950) 188, pp. 368–377, and pp. 1245–1248; Journal of Metals (February 1950 and October 1950).

    Google Scholar 

  28. W. T. Read, Jr. and W. Shockley: Paper 13 “Imperfections in Nearly Perfect Crystals.” (1952) New-York. John Wiley and Sons. I. addition to Dunn’s data, the plot includes data on tin and lead by Aust and Chalmers: Proc. Royal Soc. (1949) A201, p. 210, and (1950) A204, p. 359.

    Google Scholar 

  29. W. Shockley: Cold Working of Metals. Amer. Soc. Metals (1949) pp. 131–147.

    Google Scholar 

  30. I am indebted to Professor Parker for his permission to describe these recent experiments.

  31. K. G. Compton, A. Mendizza, and S. M. Arnold: Corrosion (1951) 7, p. 327.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. C. Herring and J. K. Galt: Physical Review (1952) 85, p. 1060.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. R. D. Heidenreich and W. Shockley: Report of a Conference on the Strength of Solids. The Physical Soc, London, (1948) p. 57.

    Google Scholar 

  34. J. K. Roros: Personal communication, February 1952.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

TP 3336E. Manuscript, May 12, 1952. New York Meeting, February 1952.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Shockley, W. Solid State Physics in Electronics and in Metallurgy. JOM 4, 829–842 (1952). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03398148

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03398148

Navigation