Abstract
The entire interval from time of finish pouring to ladle ready for next heat is 12 to 15 min. Frequently, as many as five 190-ton heats are tapped in the same ladle during an 8-hr turn. Pouring practice is regularly 96 to 98 pct good pouring.
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McDonough, W.G. Nozzle replacement from outside is safe and efficient method. JOM 6, 443–446 (1954). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03398023
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03398023