Abstract
Recent research has demonstrated the transfer of induced mood functions through equivalence relations by means of a musical mood-induction procedure. The research described in this article replicated and extended such work, primarily with the inclusion of a baseline and two types of reversal procedures. First, 16 adult participants were trained and tested for the formation of two three-member equivalence classes (A1-B1-C1 and A2-B2-C2). A musical mood-induction procedure was used to induce happy and sad mood states in the presence of the B stimuli, and a transfer of mood functions test was administered to determine whether the corresponding mood functions had transferred via equivalence to the C stimuli. Participants were then exposed to either Reversal 1, in which only the functions attached to the B stimuli were reversed, or to Reversal 2, in which the structure of the equivalence classes was altered. At all stages throughout the experiment, participants were asked to rate their current mood state by using mood and incentive rating scales. The findings of the current study replicated the results of previous research in demonstrating a clear transfer of mood functions via equivalence relations. This outcome is compared with the existing literature about mood induction and the transfer of mood functions.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
BARNES, D., BARNES, M., SMEETS, P. M., & ROCHE, B. (1995). A transfer of functions and a conditioned transfer of functions through equivalence relations in three- to six-year-old children. The Psychological Record, 45, 405–430.
BARNES, D., & KEENAN, M. (1993). A transfer of functions through derived arbitrary and non-arbitrary stimulus relations. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 59, 61–81.
BARNES-HOLMES, Y., BARNES-HOLMES, D., SMEETS, P. M., & LUCIANO, C. (2004). The derived transfer of mood functions through equivalence relations. The Psychological Record, 54, 95–114.
BROWN, J., & MANKOWSKI, T. (1993). Self-esteem, mood and self-evaluation: Changes in mood and the way you see you. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 3, 421–430.
CLARK, D. (1983). On the induction of the depressed mood in the laboratory: Evaluation and comparison of the Velten and musical procedures. Advances in Behavior and Therapy, 5, 27–49.
CLARK, D., & TEASDALE, J. (1985). Constraints on the effects of mood on memory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48, 1595–1608.
DE RAEDT, R., SCHACHT, R., FRANCK, E., & DE HOUWER, J. (2006). Self-esteem and depression revisited: Implicit positive self-esteem in depressed patients? Behaviour Research and Therapy, 44, 1017–1028.
DOUGHER, M. J., AUGUSTON, E., MARKHAM, M. R., GREENWAY, D., & WULFERT, E. (1994). The transfer of respondent eliciting and extinction through equivalence classes. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 62, 331–351.
DUBE, W. W., & MCILVANE, W. J. (1995). Stimulus-reinforcer relations and emergent matching to sample. The Psychological Record, 45, 591–612.
DYMOND, S., & BARNES, D. (1994). A transfer of self-discrimination response functions through equivalence relations. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 62, 251–267.
HAYES, S. C., BARNES-HOLMES, D., & ROCHE, B. (Eds.). (2001). Relational frame theory: A post-Skinnerian account of human language and cognition. New York: Plenum.
HAYES, S. C., FOX, E., GIFFORD, E. V., WILSON, K. G., BARNES-HOLMES, D., & HEALY, O. 2001). Derived relational responding as learned behavior. In S. C. Hayes, D. Barnes-Holmes, & B. Roche (Eds.), Relational frame theory: A post-Skinnerian account of human language and cognition (pp. 21–51). New York: Plenum.
MARTIN, M. (1990). On the induction of mood. Clinical Psychology Review, 10, 139–697.
PILGRIM, C., CHAMBERS, L., & GALIZIO, M. (1995). Reversal of baseline relations and stimulus equivalence: II. Children. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 63, 239–254.
PILGRIM, C., & GALIZIO, M. (1990). Relations between baseline contingencies and equivalence probe performances. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 54, 213–224.
PILGRIM, C., & GALIZIO, M. (1995). Reversal of baseline relations and stimulus equivalence: I. Adults. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 63, 225–238.
ROCHE, B., & BARNES, D. (1997). A transformation of respondently conditioned stimulus function in accordance with arbitrarily applicable relations. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 67, 275–300.
SAMSON, D., & RACHMAN, S. (1989). The effect of induced mood on fear reduction. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 28, 227–238.
SIDMAN, M. (1971). Reading and auditory-visual equivalences. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 14, 5–13.
SIDMAN, M. (1994). Equivalence relations and behavior: A research story. Boston: Authors Cooperative.
SMEETS, P. M., BARNES-HOLMES, Y., AKPINAR, D., & BARNES-HOLMES, D. (2003). Reversal of equivalence relations. The Psychological Record, 53, 91–120.
SPRADLIN, J. E., COTTER, V. W., & BAXLEY, N. (1973). Establishing a conditional discrimination without direct training: A study of transfer with retarded adolescents. American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 77, 556–566.
TEASDALE, J. D., & SPENCER, P. (1982). Effects of induction elation and depression on estimates of past success and subjective probability of future success. Unpublished manuscript, University of Oxford, England.
WILSON, K. G., & HAYES, S. C. (1996). Resurgence of derived stimulus relations. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 66, 267–281.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Cahill, J., Barnes-Holmes, Y., Barnes-Holmes, D. et al. The Derived Transfer and Reversal of Mood Functions Through Equivalence Relations: II. Psychol Rec 57, 373–389 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03395583
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03395583