Abstract
The influence of collateral licking from a freely available water bottle upon lever pressing reinforced with food pellets was investigated in rats. Lever pressing was maintained on a fixed-ratio schedule and the quality of the content of the bottle was manipulated. Lever pressing and licking were physically compatible responses. The overall lever pressing rate was inversely related to the mean licking duration, and the duration of single pauses in lever pressing after reinforcement was directly related to the duration of licking bursts. Behaviors other than licking interacted with lever pressing, and these behaviors were also recorded. The results show that the rate and patterning of reinforced behavior may depend upon the rate and patterning of collateral behavior.
Similar content being viewed by others
Reference Notes
IVERSEN, I. H. 1973. Interactions between reinforced and non-reinforced responses. Paper presented at the Third Scandinavian Meeting on Physiological Psychology and Psychophysiology, Copenhagen, May.
HENTON, W. W., & IVERSEN, I. H. 1973. Concurrent responses during pre-event stimuli. Paper presented at the Easter conference, English Experimental Analysis of Behavior Group, Cambridge, March.
IVERSEN, I. H. 1974. Behavioral interactions in concurrent reinforcement schedules. Paper presented at the English Experimental Analysis of Behavior Group, Bangor, March.
References
AZRIN, N. H., HUTCHINSON, R. R., & HAKE, D. F. 1966. Extinction-induced aggression. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 9, 191–204.
BURKS, C. D. 1970. Schedule-induced polydipsia: Are response-dependent schedules a limiting condition? Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 13, 351–358.
CARLISLE, H. J. 1971. Fixed-ratio polydipsia: thermal effects of drinking, pausing and responding. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 75, 10–22.
CARLISLE, H. J. 1973. Schedule-induced polydipsia: effects of water temperature, ambient temperature and hypothalamic cooling. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 83, 208–220.
CATANIA, A. C. 1963. Concurrent performances: reinforcement interaction and response independence. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 6, 253–263.
CATANIA, A. C. 1973. Self-inhibiting effects of reinforcement. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 19, 517–526.
CLARK, F. C. 1962. Some observations on the adventitious reinforcement of drinking under food reinforcement. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 5, 61–63.
COHEN, P. S., & LOONEY, T. A. 1973. Schedule-induced mirror responding in the pigeon. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 19, 395–408.
COLOTLA, V. A., & KEEHN, J. D. 1975. Effects of reinforcer-pellet composition on schedule-induced polydipsia with alcohol, water, and saccharin. The Psychological Record, 25, 91–98.
DAVIS, H., & KREUTER, C. 1972. Conditioned suppression of an avoidance response by a stimulus paired with food. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 17, 277–285.
DUNHAM, P. J. 1971. Punishment: method and theory. Psychological Review, 78, 58–70.
DUNHAM, P. J. 1972. Some effects of punishment upon unpunished responding. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 17, 443–450.
FALK, J. L. 1969. Conditions producing psychogenic polydipsia in animals. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 157, 569–593.
FALK, J. L. 1971. The nature and determinants of adjunctive behavior. Physiology and Behavior, 6, 577–588.
FERSTER, C. B. 1959. A complex concurrent schedule of reinforcement. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2, 65–80.
FERSTER, C. B., & SKINNER, B. F. 1957. Schedules of reinforcement. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.
FINDLEY, J. D. 1962. An experimental outline for building and exploring multi-operant behavior repertoires. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 5, 113–166.
GILBERT, R. M. 1974. Ubiquity of schedule-induced polydipsia. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 21, 277–284.
HENTON, W. W. 1972. Avoidance response rates during a pre-food stimulus in monkeys. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 17, 269–275.
HERRNSTEIN, R. J. 1970. On the law of effect. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 13, 243–266.
HERRNSTEIN, R. J. 1974. Formal properties of the matching law. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 21, 159–164.
HERRNSTEIN, R. J., & LOVELAND, D. H. 1975. Maximizing and matching on concurrent ratio schedules. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 24, 107–116.
HODOS, W., ROSS, G. S., & BRADY, J. V. 1962. Complex response patterns during temporally spaced responding. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 5, 473–479.
HUSTON, J. P., & DESISTO, M. J. 1971. Interspecies aggression during fixed-ratio hypothalamic self-stimulation in rats. Physiology and Behavior, 7, 353–357.
IVERSEN, I. H. 1975a. Interactions between lever pressing and collateral drinking during VI with limited hold. The Psychological Record, 25, 47–50.
IVERSEN, I. H. 1975b. Concurrent responses during multiple schedules in rats. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 16, 49–54.
IVERSEN, I. H. 1975c. Reciprocal response interactions in concurrent variable-interval and discrete-trial fixed-ratio schedules. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 16, 280–284.
LATIES, V. G., WEISS, B., & WEISS, A. B. 1969. Further observations on overt “mediating” behavior and the discrimination of time. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 12, 43–57.
RICHARDS, R. W., & RILLING, M. 1972. Aversive aspects of a fixed-interval schedule of food reinforcement. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 17, 405–411.
RILLING, M., ASKEW, H. R., AHLSKOG, J. E., & KRAMER, T. J. 1969. Aversive properties of the negative stimulus in a successive discrimination. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 12, 917–932.
SEGAL, E. F., & BANDT, W. M. 1966. Influence of collateral water drinking on bar pressing under complex reinforcement contingencies. Psychonomic Science, 4, 377–378.
SIDMAN, M. 1962. Time out from avoidance as a reinforcer: a study of response interaction. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 5, 423–434.
SLONAKER, R. L., & HOTHERSALL, D. 1972. Collateral behaviors and the DRL deficit of rats with septal lesions. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 80, 91–96.
STADDON, J. E. R., & SIMMELHAG, V. L. 1971. The “superstition” experiment: a reexamination of its implications for the principles of adaptive behavior. Psychological Review, 78, 3–43.
WAYNER, M. J., & GREENBERG, I. 1972. Effects of septal lesions on palatability modulation and schedule-induced polydipsia. Physiology and Behavior, 9, 663–665.
WÜTTKE, W., & INNIS, N. K. 1972. Drug effects upon behavior induced by second-order schedules of reinforcement: the relevance of ethological analysis. In R. M. Gilbert & J. D. Keehn (Eds.), Schedule effects: drugs, drinking, and aggression. Toronto and Buffalo: University of Toronto Press.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Portions of the data were presented at the third Scandinavian Meeting on Physiological Psychology, Copenhagen, May, 1973. Comments on the manuscript by Drs. W. W. Henton and J. P. Huston are gratefully acknowledged. Preparation of the manuscript was supported by a scholar stipend from the University of Copenhagen.
An erratum to this article is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF03394425.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Iversen, I.H. Interactions Between Reinforced Responses and Collateral Responses. Psychol Rec 26, 399–413 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03394403
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03394403