Skip to main content
Log in

Effects of Timeout from One Reinforcer on Human Behavior Maintained by Another Reinforcer

  • Published:
The Psychological Record Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

5 adults were trained on a free-operant schedule in which key pressing maintained illumination of the experimental room and permitted reading. Superimposed on this baseline were concurrent schedules of timeout from monetary payment. Under the avoidance condition, each key-press response postponed timeout for a specified period of time. Under the punishment condition, a response produced timeout if separated from the preceding response by less than a specified period of time. Response rates increased with the avoidance schedule and decreased with the punishment schedule, thus indicating that timeout from one re-inforcer (monetary payment) can control behavior maintained by another reinforcer (room illumination).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • AZRIN, N. H., & HOLZ, W. C. 1966. Punishment. In W. K. Honig (Ed.), Operant behavior-. Areas of research and application. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts. Pp. 380–447.

    Google Scholar 

  • BAER, D. M. 1960. Escape and avoidance responses of pre-school children to two schedules of reinforcement withdrawal Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 3, 155–159.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • BAER, D. M. 1962. Laboratory control of thumbsucking by withdrawal and representation of reinforcement Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 5, 525–528.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • BARON, A., & KAUFMAN, A. 1966. Human, free-operant avoidance of “time out” from monetary reinforcement Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 9, 557–565.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • BARON, A., & KAUFMAN, A. 1969. Time-out punishment: Preexposure to timeout and opportunity to respond during time-out Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 67, 479–485.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • CARLSON, J. G. 1970. Delay of primary reinforcement in effects of two forms of response-contingent time-out Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 70, 148–153.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • CATANIA, A. C., DEEGAN, J. F., & COOK, L. 1966. Concurrent fixed-ratio and avoidance responding in the squirrel monkey Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 9, 227–231.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • FERSTER, C. B. 1958. Control of behavior in chimpanzees and pigeons by time-out from positive reinforcement Psychological Monographs, 72, (8, Whole No. 461).

    Google Scholar 

  • LEITENBERG, H. 1965. Is time-out from positive reinforcement an aversive event? A review of the experimental evidence Psychological Bulletin, 64, 428–441.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McMILLAN, D. E. 1967. A comparison of the punishing effects of response-produced shock and response-produced time out Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 10, 439–449.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • NIGRO, M. R. 1966. Punishment of an extinguishing shock-avoidance response by time-out from positive reinforcement Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 9, 53–62.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • THOMAS, J. R. 1965. Discriminated time-out avoidance in pigeons Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 8, 329–338.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

This research constituted the first author’s master’s thesis, conducted under the direction of the second two authors. Support was provided by NSF Grants GB 4004 and GB 8234 and by the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Graduate School.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Shipley, C.R., Baron, A. & Kaufman, A. Effects of Timeout from One Reinforcer on Human Behavior Maintained by Another Reinforcer. Psychol Rec 22, 201–210 (1972). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03394080

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03394080

Navigation