Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Multiple jet oxygen lances — Theoretical analysis and correlation with practice

  • 49th National Open Hearth and Basic Oxygen Steel Conference
  • Published:
JOM Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

The structure of the free oxygen jets issuing from multiple jet oxygen lances has been investigated on the model scale and has been found to be identical with the structure predicted from the available correlations on supersonic jet characteristics, assuming that the jets do not interact. For jet inclination angles of 10° or greater, the jet flow fields are entirely separate and the individual jets do not interact. For jets inclined at 5° the flow fields were found to intersect before bath level is reached.

The results of plant experience with one- and three-hole lances in the Cleveland BOF and one- and two-hole lances in the Aliquippa BOF are discussed in terms of these jet characteristics. It has been found that the optimum lance heights for different lance types in a given furnace all give the same impact area (or jet cross-section area) at the bath surface level. At these optimum lance heights the relative jet penetrating power achieved with multiple hole lances is equal to, or greater than, that of the single-hole lances. The case of deeper penetration is obtained by using higher gas exit velocity (or higher oxygen driving pressures) for the multiple-hole lance.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. E. J. Sobey: Journal of Metals, 1965, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 424–425.

    Google Scholar 

  2. S. Morita, M. Nishiwaki, T. Yamaguchi, I. Tanaka, and M. Ando: Tetsu to Hagane, 1964, vol. 50, pp. 1733–1735.

    Google Scholar 

  3. H. W. Liepman and A. Roshko: Elements of Gas Dynamics, chapter 6, John Wiley, New York, 1957.

    Google Scholar 

  4. A. H. Shapiro: The Dynamics and Thermodynamics of Compressible Fluid Flow, Ronald Press, New York, 1953.

    Google Scholar 

  5. S. Pai: Fluid Dynamics of Jets, Van Nostrand, New York, 1954.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  6. Equations, Tables, and Charts for Compressible Flow, NACA Report No. 1135, US Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., 1953.

  7. A. R. Anderson and F. R. Johns: Jet Propulsion, 1955, vol. 25, pp. 13–15, 25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. R. W. Ladenburg, B. Lewis, R. N. Pease, and H. S. Taylor: Physical Measurements in Gas Dynamics and Combustion, Princeton University Press, Princeton, N. J., 1954.

    Google Scholar 

  9. H. Krainer, K. Borowski, and J. Maatsch: Krupp Technical Review, 1965, vol. 23, pp. 53–56.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graham Research Laboratory, Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp., Pittsburgh, Pa., USA

    G. C. Smith (Research associate)

Authors
  1. G. C. Smith
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Smith, G.C. Multiple jet oxygen lances — Theoretical analysis and correlation with practice. JOM 18, 846–851 (1966). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03378475

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03378475

Search

Navigation