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Grain Refinement of Steels

A General Review of Grain Refinement of Carbon, Low-, and High-Alloy Steels

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Abstract

The possible advantages and mechanisms of obtaining grain refinement in carbon, low-, and high-alloy steels are reviewed. The role of vibration and the addition of materials to provide heterogeneous nuclei formation and grain growth inhibition are discussed. The effect of composition on the solidification of steels is described. The pertinent work reported in the literature on the application and results of the various procedures for grain refining cast steels are reviewed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Case Institute of Technology, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

    John F. Wallace (member of AIME, professor of metallurgy)

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  1. John F. Wallace
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Wallace, J.F. Grain Refinement of Steels. JOM 15, 372–376 (1963). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03378248

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