Skip to main content
Log in

Production of phytoplasma-free plants from yellow leaf diseased Catharanthus roseus L. (G.) Don

Gewinnung phytoplasmenfreier Pflanzen aus Blattvergilbungs erkrankten Catharanthus roseus L. (G.) Don

  • Published:
Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Catharanthus roseus L. (G.) Don., an important medicinal plant, is a susceptible host of phytoplasma. An attempt was made to obtain phytoplasma-free plants employing in vitro chemotherapy. Plants showing reduction in the size of leaves with pal e-gre en or yellow col our and virescence of flowers were the source of tissue culture experiment. Shoot tips excised from phytoplasma-infected plants grew optimally in Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium supplemented with kinetin (2.0 mg l−1), 6-benzyl aminopurine (0.75 mg l−1) and indole-3-butyric acid (0.1 mg l−1). Phytoplasma-infected shoot-tip explants, maintained on MS medium, were subjected to different concentration of oxytetracycline (25–100 mg l−1) for 2 weeks and then transferred to antibiotic-free medium for six subsequent serial transfers. Established shoot cultures, with newly emerged shoots showing no phytoplasma symptoms were selected and subcultured for the induction of roots. An oxytetracycline concentration of 75 mg l−1 was optimal for freeing phytoplasma from the infected tissues. About 50% of regenerated plants were phytoplasma free as confirmed by polymerase chain reaction, and they remained healthy for more than 3 years.

Zusammenfassung

Catharanthus roseus L., (G.) Don., das Madagaskar-Immergrün, ist eine wertvolle Heilpflanze und häufig stark mit Phytoplasmen infiziert. Die Gewinnung phytoplasmenfreier Pflanzen wurde mit Hilfe einer in-vitro-Chemotherapie versucht. Pflanzen mit verminderter Blattgröße und hellgrüner oder gelber Blattfarbe sowie Blütenvergrünung dienten als Ausgangsmaterial. Sprossspitzen phytoplasmainfizierter Pflanzen wuchsen optimal auf Murashige-Skoog (MS)-Medium mit Kinetin (2 mg l−1), 6-Benzyl-Aminopurin (0,75 mg l−1) und Indol-3-Buttersäure (0,1 mg l−1). Auf MS-Medium kultivierte phytoplasmainfizierte Sprossspitzen wurden nach einer Behandlung mit Oxytetracyclin unterschiedlicher Konzentration (25–100 mg l−1) sechsmal nacheinander auf antibiotikafreies Medium übertragen. Etablierte Sprossspitzenkulturen mit neugebildeten, symptomlosen Sprossen wurden zur Wurzelbildung weiter kultiviert. Eine Oxytretracyclin-Konzentration 75 mg l−1 erwies sich als optimal für die Gewinnung phytoplasmenfreier Pflanzen aus infiziertem Gewebe. Eine Polymerase-Kettenreaktion zeigte, dass etwa 50% der regenerierten Pflanzen frei von Phytoplasmen waren; sie blieben mehr als drei Jahre gesund.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Literature

  • Ahrens, U., E. Seemüller, 1992: Detection of DNA of plant pathogenic mycoplasma-like organism by a polymerase chain reaction that amplifies a sequence of the 16S rRNA gene. Phytopathology 82, 828–832.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chalak, L., A. Elbitar, R. Rizk, E. Choueiri, P. Salar, J. M. Bove, 2005: Attempts to eliminate Candidatus phytoplasma phoe-nicum from infected Lebanese almond varieties by tissue culture techniques combined or not with thermotherapy. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 112, 85–89.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Converse, R. H., R. A. George, 1987: Elimination of mycoplas-ma-like organisms in Cabot highbush blueberry with high-carbon dioxide thermotherapy. Plant Dis. 71, 36–38.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dai, Q., F.-T. He, P.-Y. Liu, 1997: Elimination of phytoplasma by stem culture from mulberry plants (Morus alba) with dwarf disease. Plant Pathol. 46, 56–61.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dai, Q., Z. H. Sun, 1995: Suppressive effects of n-triacontanol on symptoms of mulberry dwarf disease and on the causal phytoplasma. Plant Pathol. 44, 979–981.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davies, D. L., R. F. Whitecomb, R.L. Steere, 1968: Remission of aster yellow disease by antibiotics. Science 161, 793–795.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davies, D.L., M.F. Clark, 1994: Maintenance of mycoplas-ma-like organisms occurring in Pyrus species by microprop-agation and their elimination by tetracycline therapy. Plant Pathol. 43, 819–823.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Deng, S., C. Hiruki, 1991: Amplification of 16cS rDNA genes from culturable and non-cultutable Mollecutes. J. Microbiol. Methods 14, 53–61.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Doi, Y., M. Teranaka, K. Yora, H. Asuyama, 1967: Mycoplasma-or PLT group-like microorganisms found in the phloem elements of plants infected with mulberry dwarf, potato witches’ broom, aster yellows, or paulownia witches’ broom. Ann. Phytopathol. Soc. Japan 33, 267–275.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gong, Z.X., 1990: Prevention and cure of phytoplasma-like diseases in plants. In: Gong, Z.X., J.Y. Chen, J.Y. Shen (eds.): A Collection of Illustrative Plates of Plant Mycoplasma-Like Organisms in China, pp 38–48. Beijing Science Press, Beijing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee, I.-M., R.E. Davis, D. E. Gundersen, 2000: Phytoplasma: phy-toplasmagenic mollecutes. Ann. Rev. Microbiol. 54, 221–255.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McCoy, R.E., A. Caudwell, C.J. Chang, T.A. Chen, L.N. Chiykowski, M.T. Cousin, J.L. Dale, G.T.N. De Leeuw, D.A. Golino, K.J. Hackett, B.C. Kirkpatrick, R. Marwitz, H. Petzold, R.C. Sinha, M. Sugiura, R.F. Whitcomb, I.L. Yang, B.M. Zhu, E. Seemüller, 1989; Plant diseases associated with mycoplas-ma-like organisms. In: Whitcomb, R.F., Tully, J.G. (eds.). The Mycoplasma, pp. 545–640. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Möllers, C., S. Sarkar, 1989: Regeneration of healthy plants from Catharanthus roseus infected with mycoplasma-like organisms through callus culture. Plant Sci. 60, 83–89.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Murashige, T., F. Skoog, 1962: A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco culture. Physiol. Plant. 15, 473–497.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nakashima, K., W. Chaleeprom, P. Wongkaew, P. Sirithorn, 1994: Detection of mycoplasma-like organisms associated with white leaf disease of sugarcane in Thialand using DNA probes. JIRCAS J. 1, 57–67.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nakashima, K., P. Wongkaew, W. Chaleeprom, P. Sirithorn, T. Hayashi, 1999: Molecular detection and characterization of phytoplasmas that cause sugarcane white leaf disease. JIRCAS J. 7, 1–17.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parmessur, Y., S. Aljanabi, S. Saumtally, A. Dookun-Saumtally, 2002: Sugarcane yellow leaf virus and sugarcane yellows phytoplasma: elimination by tissue culture. Plant Pathol. 51, 561–566.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sears, B.B., K.L. Klomparens, 1989: Leaf tip cultures of the evening primrose allow stable aseptic culture of mycoplas-ma-like organism. Can. J. Plant Pathol. 11, 343–348.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Seemüller, E., C. Macrone, U. Lauer, A. Ragozzino, M. Goschi, 1998: Current status of molecular classification of the phytoplasmas. J. Plant Pathol. 80, 3–26.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smart, C.D., B. Schneider, C.L. Blomquist, L.J. Guerra, N.A. Harrison, U. Ahrens, K.H. Loren, E. Seemüller, B.C. Kirkpatrick, 1996: Phytoplasma specific PCR primers based upon sequences of the 16–23S rRNA spacer region. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 62, 2988–2993.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Svoboda, G.H., D.A. Blake, 1975: The phytochemistry and pharmacology of Catharanthus roseus (L.) Don. In: W.I. Taylor, N.R. Farnsworth (eds.): The Catharanthus Alkaloids: Botany, Chemistry, Pharmacology, and Clinical Use, pp. 45–83. Marcel Dekker, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wongkaew, P., 1999: Sugarcane white leaf disease and control strategies. Thailand Research Fund. T. & R. Celeca, Bangkok.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wongkaew, P., J. Fletcher, 2004: Sugarcane white leaf phyto-plasma in tissue culture: long-term maintenance, transmission, and oxytetracycline remission. Plant Cell. Rep. 23, 426–434.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to J. A. Khan.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Singh, S.K., Aminuddin, Srivastava, P. et al. Production of phytoplasma-free plants from yellow leaf diseased Catharanthus roseus L. (G.) Don. J Plant Dis Prot 114, 2–5 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03356195

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03356195

Key words

Stichwörter

Navigation