Abstract
The occurrence and population fluctuation of thrips (Thysan-optera) and the resulting damage to fruit were studied on different nectarine varieties at three locations in North Cyprus during 2004 and 2005. Direct sampling on nectarine trees revealed 21 thrips species with most of them encountered during petal fall and fruit growth. Only few thrips specimens were caught on blue sticky cards in nectarine orchards and adjacent segetal flora during January and February. The flight activity of thrips peaked with up to 334 thrips/card/week between end of April and beginning of May in nectarine orchards and adjacent segetal flora at all locations. Only Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) was recovered from all nectarine orchards, but direct sample results remained low during the entire season with a weekly maximum number of four F. occidentalis on 50 branches in 2004 and twelve individuals in 2005. In both years, the first F. occidentalis occurred on all nectarine varieties during pink flower stage and full bloom. The variety “Maravilla”, flowering earliest beginning of February, had the highest rate of non-marketable fruit in 2004 with 27.5% and 37.9% in 2005. The latest flowering variety “Armking” showed also the lowest rate of non-marketable fruit in both years ranging between 1.2% and 10.3%. Damage to fruit appeared to depend more on the flowering time of nectarines than on the abundance of F. occidentalis.
Zusammenfassung
Das Auftreten und der Populationsverlauf von Thripsen (Thysanoptera) sowie deren Schaden an den Früchten wurde an unterschiedlichen Sorten auf drei Standorten in Nord-Zypern in den Jahren 2004 und 2005 untersucht. Direkte Probennahmen an den Nektarinenbäumen erbrachten 21 Thrips-Arten, wobei die meisten während des Abfalls der Blütenblätter und des Fruchtwachstums auftraten. Nur wenige Thrips-Arten konnten an Blautafeln in den Nektarinenanlagen und der angrenzenden Wildflora zwischen Januar und Februar gesammelt werden. Der Höhepunkt in der Flugaktivität der Thripse konnte mit einem Peak von 334 Thripsen/Tafel/Woche Ende April und Anfang Mai in den Nektarinenanlagen und der angrenzenden Wildflora auf allen Standorten verzeichnet werden. Nur Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) wurde in allen Nektarinenanlagen gefunden, jedoch war ihre Dichte in den direkten Probennahmen mit einem wöchentlichen Maximum von fünf F. occidentalis pro 50 Zweigen in 2004 und zwölf Individuen in 2005 sehr niedrig. In beiden Jahren konnte das erste Auftreten von F. occidentalis in allen Nektarinensorten zum Zeitpunkt des Blütenöffnens und der vollen Blüte beobachtet werden. Die frühe Sorte “Maravilla”, welche bereits Anfang Februar blühte, zeigte die höchste Rate an nicht vermarktbaren Früchten mit 27,5% in 2004 und 37,9% in 2005. Bei der spät blühenden Sorte “Armking” konnte der geringste Anteil an nicht vermarktbaren Früchten mit Raten zwischen 1,2 und 10,3% ermittelt werden. Der Schaden an den Früchten schien mehr vom Blühzeitpunkt der Nektarinensorten als von der Abundanz von F. occidentalis abhängig zu sein.
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Sengonca, C., Blaeser, P., Özden, Ö. et al. Occurrence of thrips (Thysanoptera) infestation on nectarines and its importance to fruit damage in North Cyprus. J Plant Dis Prot 113, 128–134 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03356169
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03356169