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Malformation and cracking of nuts in coconut palms (Cocos nucifera) due to the interaction of the eriophyid mite Aceria guerreronis and Botryodiplodia theobromae in Tamil Nadu, India

Missbildungen und Risse in Kokosnüssen (Cocos nucifera) infolge Interaktion der Gallmilbe Aceria guerreronis und Botryodiplodia theobromae in Tamil Nadu, Indien

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Abstract

In 1998, a severe outbreak of malformation and cracking of nuts in coconut palms (Cocos nucifera) was reported in Tamil Nadu State, India. Concentrated surveys conducted since early 1999 in various parts of Tamil Nadu revealed the presence of the eriophyid mite Aceria guerreronis and the fungus Botryodiplodia theobromae in diseased tissues. The fungus produced typical symptoms like malformation and cracking in the presence of eriophyid mite infestation. Normal sized nuts with slight cracking symptoms were recorded in eriophyid mite-infested nuts. The alarming damage in coconut might be due to secondary infection of Botryodiplodia theobromae. The relationship between B. theobromae and A. guerreronis on disease manifestation has not been reported so far.

Zusammenfassung

Schwere Missbildungen und Risse an Kokosnüssen (Cocos nucifera) wurden 1998 im Staate Tamil Nadu in Indien beobachtet. Intensive Erhebungen erfolgten seit 1999 in verschiedenen Gebieten von Tamil Nadu, die das Auftreten der Gallmilbe Aceria guerreronis und des Pilzes Botryodiplodia theobromae in erkrankten Geweben nachwiesen. Der Pilz führte zu typischen Symptomen wie Missbildungen und Risse, wenn auch ein Befall mit der Gallmilbe festzustellen war. Nüsse normaler Größe wiesen bei Befall mit der Gallmilbe leichte Rissbildung auf. Der beträchtliche Schaden an Kokosnüssen wird wahrscheinlich durch sekundäre Infektionen mit B. theobromae verursacht. Die Beziehungen zwischen B. theobromae und A. guerreronis bezüglich der Krankheit sind bisher nicht beschrieben worden.

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Literature

  • Geetha Lakshmi, R., R. J. Rabindra: Effect of eriophyid mite infestation on button shedding and quality parameters in coconut. — Group meeting on coconut eriophyid mite Aceria guerreronis K., Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, May 2000.

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  • Ramaraju, K. R. Philip Sridhar, R. J. Rabindra: Biology of coconut eriophyid mite Aceria guerreronis. — Group meeting on coconut eriophyid mite Aceria guerreronis K., Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, May 2000.

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Lakshmanan, P., Jagadeesan, R. Malformation and cracking of nuts in coconut palms (Cocos nucifera) due to the interaction of the eriophyid mite Aceria guerreronis and Botryodiplodia theobromae in Tamil Nadu, India. J Plant Dis Prot 111, 206–207 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03356148

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03356148

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