Abstract
The Outokumpu Oy Cobalt Plant processes nickel, copper, and zinc bearing cobaltiferrous pyrite concentrate. Main operations: sulfatizing roasting, leaching, solution purification and recovery of cobalt metal. Roasting is done in fluidized beds, most of the material being fed as calcine. Green concentrate is used only for the heat requirements, and for maintaining a proper gas atmosphere for sulfatizing. Selection of the reactor design and the processing steps was based on laboratory and pilot plant studies.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Theys, L. F. and Lee, L. V., Sulfate Roasting Copper-Cobalt Sulfide Concentrates, Journal of Metals, 1958, Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 134–136.
Theys, L. F., Progress Report on Roasting Copper-Cobalt Sulfide Concentrates, Journal of Metals, 1958, Vol. 10, No. 7, p. 476.
Queneau, P., Extractive Metallurgy of Copper, Nickel and Cobalt, 1961, pp. 55–66.
Ingraham, T. R. and Kerby, R., Roasting in Extractive Metallurgy —a Thermodynamic and Kinetic Review, Can. Met. Quart., 1967, 6, No. 2, pp. 89–119.
Kellogg, H. H., A Critical Review of Sulfation Equilibrium, Transactions of The Metallurgical Society of AIME, 1964, Vol. 230, No. —, pp. 1622–1634.
Stephens, Jr., F. M., The Fluidized-Bed Sulfate Roasting of Non-ferrous Metals, Chem. Eng. Progr., 1953, 49, No. 9, pp. 455–458.
Gmelins Handbuch, Schwefel, Teil A, Lief., 1942, 1, p. 330.
Margulis, E. V. and Cherednik, I. M., Kinetics of Sulfating Pyrite-Cobalt Concentrate in a Fluidized Bed, Tsvetnye Metally, 1967, 18, No. 8, pp. 69–70.
Thornhill, P. G., and Ridgeon, L. M., Micrographic Study of Sulfide Roasting, Journal of Metals, 1957, Vol. 9, No. 7, pp. 989–995.
Chi-Tsain, Siao and Smirnov, V. I., Investigating Fluosolid Sulfating Roasting of the Cobalt Containing Mattes of Nickel and Copper Plants, Tsvetnye Metally, 1961, No. 1, pp. 37–40.
Fletcher, A. W. and Shelef, M., The Role of Alkali Sulfates in Promoting the Sulfation Roasting of Nickel Sulfides, Unit Process of Hydrometallurgy, 1964, 24, pp. 946–70.
Hotz, M. C. B., Kerby, R. C. and Ingraham, T. R., The Sulfation of Nickel and Cobalt Ferrites and Sulfides by Molten Sodium Pyro-sulfate and Sodium Bisulfate, Can. Met. Quart., 1968, 7, No. 4, pp. 205–210.
Heikkinen, T., Outokumpu’s Keretti Mill, Pioneers Autogenous Grind Recovers 96.1 per cent of Copper Feed, World Mining, Feb. 1996.
Argali, Jr., G. O., Outokumpu Adds Second Catalyzer to Raise Pyrite-to-Sulfur Conversion to 91 Percent, World Mining, March 1967.
Bryk, P., Ryselin, J., Honkasalo, J., and Malmstrom, R., Flash Smelting Copper Concentrates, Journal of Metals, 1958, Vol. 10, No. —, pp. 395–400.
Toivanen, T. and Grönqvist, Nickel Refining in Finland, Can. Min. Met. Bull., 1964, No. 626, pp. 653–658.
How Outokumpu Recovers Cobalt, World Mining, 1969, 22, No. 10, pp. 41–43.
Tuominen, T. and Grönqvist, P. O., Schwefelwasserstoff als Fällungsmittel in der Hydrometallurgie, Erzmetall, 1969, Bd. 22 Beiheft “Symposium Hydrometallurgie”, pp. B81–B86.
U.S. Patent 3,460,491.
Finnish Patent Application No. 3542/68.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Palperi, M., Aaltonen, O. Sulfatizing Roasting and Leaching of Cobalt Ores at Outokumpu Oy. JOM 23, 34–38 (1971). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03355685
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03355685