Abstract
Formation of connective tissue is an essential step in the process of wound healing. After menopause an atrophy of connective tissues in skin, bone, and reproductive organs takes place. Using a dead-space wound healing model we measured collagen synthesis and deposition, and cell replication in the granulation tissue of 18 pre-menopausal and 23 peri- and postmenopausal women not receiving any hormonal therapy. In the postmenopausal group collagen synthesis and deposition and cell number in the granulation tissue were diminished. These results document the impairment of the granulation tissue formation after menopause.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Khaw K.T. Epidemiology of the menopause. Br. Med. Bull. 48: 249, 1992.
Belchetz P.E. Hormonal treatment of postmenopausal women. N. Engl. J. Med. 330: 1062, 1994.
Schiff M. The influence of estrogens on connective tissue. In: Asboe-Hansen G. (Ed.), Hormones and connective tissue. Munksgaard, Copenhagen, 1966, p. 282.
Brincat M., Studd J.W.W. Menopause-a multi system disease. Baillière Clin. Obst. Gynaecol. 2: 289, 1988.
Vagenakis A.G. Endocrine aspects of menopause. Clin. Rheumatol. 8(Suppl 2): 48, 1989.
Bolognia J. Aging skin, epidermal and dermal changes. Prog. Clin. Biol. Res. 320: 121, 1989.
Black N.M., Shuster S., Bottoms E. Osteoporosis. Skin collagen and androgen. Br. Med. J. 4: 773, 1970.
Punnonen R. Effect of castration and peroral therapy on the skin. Acta Obstet. Gynaecol. 21(Suppl): 1, 1973.
Brincat M., Moniz C.J., Studd J.W.W. Long term effects of the menopause and sex hormones on skin thickness. Br. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. 92: 256, 1985.
Brincat M., Moniz C.F., Kabalan S. Decline in skin collagen content and metacarpal index after the menopause and its prevention with sex hormone replacement. Br. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. 94: 126, 1987.
Brincat M., Wong A., Studd J.W.W. The response of skin thickness and metacarpal index to oestradiol therapy in postmenopausal women. Obstet. Gynaecol. 70: 538, 1987.
Goodson W.H., Hunt T.K. Development of a new miniature method for the study of wound healing in normal subjects. J. Surg. Res. 33: 394, 1982.
Juva K., Prockop D.J. Modified procedure for the assay of 3H or 14C labelled hydroxyproline. Anal. Biochem. 15: 77, 1966.
Giles K.W., Myers A. An improved diphenylamine method for the estimation of deoxyribonucleic acid. Nature 206: 93, 1965.
Hunt T.K., Goodson W.H., Scheuenstuhl H. A strategy for human studies: thoughts on models. In: Janssen H., Rooman R., Robertson J.I.S. (Eds.), Wound healing. Wrightson Biomedical Publishing, Petersfield, 1994, p. 177.
Jonsson K., Jensen J.A., Goodson W.H., Scheuenstuhl H., West J., Hopf H.W., Hunt T.K. Tissue oxygenation, anemia, and perfusion in relation to wound healing in surgical patients. Ann. Surg. 214: 605, 1991.
Haydock D.A, Hill G.L. Improved wound healing response in surgical patients receiving intravenous nutrition. Br. J. Surg. 74: 320, 1987.
Brabul A., Lazarou S.A., Efron D.T., Wasserkrug H.L., Efron G. Arginine enhances wound healing and lymphocyte immune response in humans. Surgery 108: 331, 1990.
Brincat M., Moniz C.E., Studd J.W.W. Sex hormones and skin collagen content in postmenopausal women. Br. Med. J. 287: 1337, 1983.
Brincat M., Versi E., Studd J.W.W. Skin collagen changes in postmenopausal women receiving different regimens of estrogen therapy. Obstet. Gynaecol. 70: 123, 1987.
Brincat M., Moniz C.F., Kabalan S. Skin collagen changes in postmenopausal women treated with oestradiol gel. Maturitas 9: 1, 1987.
Weissberger A.J., Ho K.K., Lazarus L. Contrasting effects of oral and transdermal routes of estrogen replacement therapy on 24-hour growth hormone (GH) secretion, insulin-like growth factor 1, and GH-binding protein in postmenopausal women. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 72: 374, 1991.
Jørgensen O., Schmidt A. Influence of sex hormones on granulation tissue formation and on healing of linear wounds. Acta Chir. Scand. 124: 1, 1962.
Schlaff W.D., Cooley B.C., Shen W., Gittlesohn A.M., Rock J.A. A rat uterine horn model of genital tract wound healing. Fertil. Steril. 48: 866, 1987.
Localio S.A., Chassin J. The effects of pregnancy on the tensile strength of healing laparatomy wounds in rats. Surgery 32: 9, 195
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Gniadecki, R., Wyrwas, B., Kabala, A. et al. Impairment of granulation tissue formation after menopause. J Endocrinol Invest 19, 215–218 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03349870
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03349870