Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Association between emotional and behavioral problems and metabolic control in children and adolescents with Type 1 diabetes

  • Original Articles
  • Published:
Journal of Endocrinological Investigation Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Objective: We aimed to investigate the differences in emotional and behavioral problems and to explore the association between the level of psychiatric problems and the metabolic control in Type 1 diabetes. Methods: The children with Type 1 diabetes (no.=42) and the “healthy” control group (no.=42), their parents and endocrinology specialist completed the forms prepared for the study. The parents completed the Child Behavioral Checklist (CBCL/4-18). Results: The groups had significant differences in CBCL-activities (p<0.001), social competence (p<0.001), total competences (p<0.001), withdrawal (p=0.036), anxiety/depression (p=0.033), social problems (p=0.009), and aggressive behavior (p=0.04) scores. We did not find significant differences in CBCL scores between the groups with good, moderate and bad metabolic control (p>0.05). Discussion: The parents of children with Type 1 diabetes reported emotional and behavioral problems significantly more. We did not find any significant association between the level of metabolic control and the emotional and behavioral problems.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Dantzer C, Swendsen J, Maurice-Tison S, Salamon R. Anxiety and depression in juvenile diabetes: a critical review. Clin Psychol Rev 2003, 23: 787–800.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Blanz BJ, Rensch-Riemann BS, Fritz-Sigmund DI, Schmidt MH. IDDM is a risk factor for adolescent psychiatric disorders. Diabetes Care 1993, 16: 1579–87.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Helgeson VS, Snyder PR, Escobar O, Siminerio L, Becker D. Comparison of adolescents with and without diabetes on indices of psychosocial functioning for three years. J Pediatr Psychol 2007, 32: 794–806.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Grey M, Cameron ME, Lipman TH, Thurber FW. Psychosocial status of children with diabetes in the first 2 years after diagnosis. Diabetes Care 1995, 18: 1330–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Kovacs M, Ho V, Pollock MH. Criterion and predictive validity of the diagnosis of adjustment disorder: A prospective study of youths with new-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Am J Psychiatry 1995, 152: 523–8.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Kovacs M, Goldston D, Obrosky DS, Drash A. Major depressive disorder in youths with IDDM. Diabetes Care 1997, 20: 45–50.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Vila G, Robert JJ, Jos J, Mouren-Simeoni MC. Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in children and in adolescents: value of pedopsychiatric follow-up. Arch Pediatr 1997, 4: 615–22.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Northam E, Anderson P, Adler R, Werther G, Warne G. Psychosocial and family functioning in children with insulin-dependent diabetes at diagnosis and one year later. J Pediatr Psychol 1996, 21: 699–717.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Adili F, Larijani B, Haghighatpanah M. Diabetic patients: Psychological aspects. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2006, 1084: 329–49.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Naar-King S, Idalski A, Ellis D, et al. Gender differences in adherence and metbolic control in urban youth with poorly controlled type 1 diabetes: the mediating role of mental health symptoms. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2006, 31: 793–802.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Greydanus DE, Hofmann AD. Psychological factors in diabetes mellitus. A review of the literature with emphasis on adolescence. Am J Dis Child 1979, 133: 1061–6.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Lernmark B, Persson B, Fisher L, Rydelius PA. Symptoms of depression are important to psychological adaptation and metabolic control in children with diabetes mellitus. Diabet Med 1999, 16: 14–22.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Rewers A, Chase HP, Mackenzie T, et al. Predictors of acute complications in children with type 1 diabetes. JAMA 2002, 287: 2511–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Cohen DM, Lumley MA, Naar-King S, Partridge T, Cakan N. Child behavior problems and family functioning as predictors of adherence and glycemic control in economically disadvantaged children with type 1 diabetes: a prospective study. J Pediatr Psychol 2004, 29: 171–84.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Beardsley G, Goldstein MG. Psychological factors affecting physical condition. Endocrine disease literature review. Psychosomatics 1993, 34: 12–9.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Anderson BJ, Vangsness L, Connell A, Butler D, Goebel-Fabbri A, Laffel LM. Family conflict, adherence, and glycaemic control in youth with short duration type 1 diabetes. Diabet Med 2002, 19: 635–42.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Farrell SP, Hains AA, Davies WH, Smith P, Parton E. The impact of cognitive distortions, stress, and adherence on metabolic control in youths with type 1 diabetes. J Adolesc Health 2004, 34: 461–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Lernmark B, Dahlqvist G, Fransson P, et al. Relations between age, metabolic control, disease adjustment and psychological aspects in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Acta Paediatr 1996, 85: 818–24.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Goldston DB, Kelley AE, Reboussin DM, et al. Suicidal ideation and behavior and noncompliance with the medical regimen among diabetic adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1997, 36: 1528–36.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Jacobson AM, Hauser ST, Willett JB, et al. Psychological adjustment to IDDM: 10-year follow-up of an onset cohort of child and adolescent patients. Diabetes Care 1997, 20: 811–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Achenbach TM. Manual for the Child Behavior Checklist 14–18 and 1991 Profile. VT. Burlington: University of Vermont Department of Psychiatry 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Erol N, Akın M, Aslan L. Çocuk Davranısş Değerlendirme Ölçeğinin Uyarlanması ve standardizasyon çalışması. V. Ulusal Çocuk ve Ergen Psikiyatri Kongresi.30 Nisan-3 Mayıs, A. Ü. Tıp Fakültesi. Çocuk Psikiyatrisi, Ankara 1995, in Turkish.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Sperling MA. Diabetes mellitus. In: Sperling MA ed. Pediatric endocrinology. Second Edition. Pennsylvania, USA Elsevier Science. 2002, 323–66.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Eiber R, Berlin I, Grimaldi A, Bisserbe JC. Diabète insulino-dépendant et pathologie psychiatrique: Revue générale clinique et épidémiologique. Encephale 1997, 23: 351–7.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Weglage J, Grenzebach M, Pietsch M, et al. Behavioural and emotional problems in earlytreated adolescents with phenylketonuria in comparison with diabetic patients and healthy controls. J Inherit Metab Dis 2000, 23: 487–96.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Wysocki T, Huxtable K, Linscheid TR, Wayne W. Adjustment to diabetes mellitus in preschoolers and their mothers. Diabetes Care 1989, 12: 524–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Grey M, Cameron ME, Thurber FW. Coping and adaptation in children with diabetes. Nurs Res 1991, 40: 144–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Käär ML, Akerblom HK, Huttunen NP, Knip M, Säkkinen K. Metabolic control in children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Acta Paediatr Scand 1984, 73: 102–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Kovacs M, Mukerji P, Iyengar S, Drash A. Psychiatric disorder and metabolic control among youths with IDDM. Diabetes Care 1996, 19: 318–23.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Katon WJ. Clinical and health services relationships between major depression, depressive symptoms, and general medical illness. Biol Psychiatry 2003, 54: 216–26.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Kuttner MJ, Delamater AM, Santiago JV. Learned helplessness in diabetic youths. J Pediatr Psychol 1990, 15: 581–94.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Garrison MM, Katon WJ, Richardson LP. The impact of psychiatric comorbidities on readmissions for diabetes in youth. Diabetes Care 2005, 28: 2150–4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Childhood and Adolescent Psychiatry, Tip Fakültesi Çocuk Psikiyatrisi A.D., Ondokuz Mayıs University School of Medicine, Samsun, 55139, Turkey

    S. Akbaş, K. Karabekiroğlu, G. Tasdemir, M. Karakurt & A. Şenses

  2. Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Ondokuz Mayis University School of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey

    T. Ŏzgen & M. Aydin

  3. Department of Psychiatry, Ondokuz Mayis University School of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey

    Ö. Böke

Authors
  1. S. Akbaş
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. K. Karabekiroğlu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. T. Ŏzgen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. G. Tasdemir
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. M. Karakurt
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. A. Şenses
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Ö. Böke
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. M. Aydin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to S. Akbaş.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Akbaş, S., Karabekiroğlu, K., Ŏzgen, T. et al. Association between emotional and behavioral problems and metabolic control in children and adolescents with Type 1 diabetes. J Endocrinol Invest 32, 325–329 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03345721

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03345721

Key-words

Search

Navigation