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A mathematical model for pattern of change in β-cell reserve and factors affecting residual reserve within the first 2 years of Type 1 diabetes

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of age, duration of diabetes, sex and ICA (Islet cell cytoplasmic antibody) on β-cell reserves and to develop a model within the first 2 years of Type 1 diabetes. Beta-cell reserve is evaluated as fasting (FCp) and 1 mg IV glucagon stimulated Cpeptide (SCp) levels in 58 Type 1 diabetics and in 12 normoglycemic subjects. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to duration of diabetes: Group I (2.5±0.3 weeks), Group II (13.4±1.2 months) and Group III (24.2±1.8 months). FCp/SCp level in nmol/l (mean±SE) were as follows. Group I: 0.21± 0.02/0.38±0.04, Group II: 0.15±0.01/0.27±0.02, Group III: 0.07±0.01/0.11±0.02, Control group: 0.42±0.09/1.29±0.13. The scatter plots of C-peptide levels vs time in all the diabetic patients fitted in to a 4th-order polynomial regression (R: 0.96- 0.98). Age was strongly correlated with FCp (rs: 0.46, p<0.05) and ICA positivity affected Cp-levels negatively (p>0.05). In conclusion, as the duration of diabetes increases, response time to glucagon prolongs and amplitude of it shortens. Duration of diabetes of less than 2 weeks, feminity, puberty and ICA positivity affect β-cell reserve negatively, conversely, masculinity, post-puberty, older age and ICA negativity affect the reserve positively. The dynamics of C-peptide response to glucagon follow a mathematical model and Type 1 diabetes causes a decrease not only in the amplitude of the response but also in the duration of the response.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Clinic of Internal Medicine, Sisli Etfal Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

    Yuksel Altuntas

  2. Haznedar mah, Ilkyuva cad. Meric sok, No. 26/5, 34600, Gungoren-Istanbul, Turkey

    Yuksel Altuntas

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Altuntas, Y. A mathematical model for pattern of change in β-cell reserve and factors affecting residual reserve within the first 2 years of Type 1 diabetes. J Endocrinol Invest 25, 987–992 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03344073

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