This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.
References
Bailey, L.; Ball, B. V., (1991). Honey bee pathology second edition. Academic Press Limited, London.
Brown, M. A.; Thompson, H. M.; Bew, M. H., (2002). Risks to UK beekeeping from the parasite mite Tropilaelaps clareae and the small hive beetle, Aethina tumida. Bee World, 83(4), 151–164 (14 pages).
Buchmann, S. L.; Ascher, J. S., (2005). The plight of pollinating bees. Bee World, 86 (3), 71–74 (4 pages).
Buchmann, S. L.; Nabhan, G. P., (1997). The forgotten pollinators. Island Press, Washington DC, USA.
Carreck, N.; Williams, I., (1998). The economic value of bees in the UK. Bee World, 79 (3), 115–123 (9 pages).
Cheek, S.; Head, J.; Malumphy, C., (1994). Bemisia tabaci. Plant Pest Notice no. 17. Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, London, UK (4 pages).
Cuthbertson, A. G. S., (2004). Unnecessary pesticide applications in Northern Ireland apple orchards due to mis-identification of a beneficial mite species. Res. J. Chem. Environ., 8 (3), 77–78 (2 pages).
Cuthbertson, A. G. S., (2005). Protecting the UK from alien pests. Bio. News, 32 (1), 9 (1 page).
Cuthbertson, A. G. S.; Brown, M. A., (2006a). Vital pollinators: honey bees in apple orchards. Biologist, 53 (2), 78–81 (4 pages).
Cuthbertson, A. G. S.; Brown, M. A., (2006b). The value of the honey bee and the need for it to be protected. Bio. News, 35 (1), 14–15 (2 pages).
Cuthbertson, A. G. S.; Murchie, A. K., (2003). The impact of fungicides to control apple scab (Venturia inaequalis) on the predatory mite Anystis baccarum and its prey Aculus schlechtendali (apple rust mite) in Northern Ireland Bramley orchards. Crop Prot., 22 (9), 1125–1130 (6 pages).
Cuthbertson, A. G. S.; Murchie, A. K., (2006a). Environmental monitoring of economically important invertebrate pests in Bramley apple orchards in Northern Ireland. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Tech., 3(1), 1-7 (7 pages).
Cuthbertson, A. G. S.; Murchie, A. K., (2006b). The environmental impact of an orchard winter wash and early season pesticide applications on both a beneficial and a pest mite species in Bramley apple orchards. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Tech., 3 (4), 333–339 (7 pages).
Cuthbertson, A. G. S.; Walters, K. F. A., (2005). Pathogenicity of the entomopathogenic fungus, Lecanicillium muscarium,against sweetpotato whitefly Bemisia tabaci under laboratory and glasshouse conditions. Mycopathologia, 160 (4), 315–319 (5 pages).
Cuthbertson, A. G. S.; Fleming, C. C.; Murchie, A. K., (2003). Detection of Rhopalosiphum insertum (apple-grass aphid) predation by the predatory mite Anystis baccarum using molecular gut analysis. Agric. Forest Entomol., 5 (3), 219–225 (7 pages).
Cuthbertson, A. G. S.; Walters, K. F. A.; Northing, P.; Luo, W., (2007). Efficacy of the entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema feltiae, against sweetpotato whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) under laboratory and glasshouse conditions. Bull. Ent. Res., 97 (1), 9–14 (6 pages).
Cuthbertson, A. G. S.; Mathers, J. J.; Blackburn, L. F.; Wakefield, M. E.; Collins, L. E.; Luo, W.; Brown, M. A., (2008). Maintaining Aethina tumida (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) under quarantine laboratory conditions in the UK and preliminary observations on its behaviour. J. Apicult. Res., 47 (3), 192–193 (2 pages).
Cuthbertson, A. G. S.; Blackburn, L.F.; Northing, P.; Mathers, J. J.; Luo, W.; Walters, K. F. A., (2009). Environmental evalu ation of hot water treatments to control Liriomyza huidobrensis infesting plant material in transit. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Tech., 6 (2), 167–174 (8 pages).
Ellis, J. D.; Hepburn, H. R.; Delaplane, K.S.; Elzen, P. J., (2003). The effects of adult small hive beetles, Aethina tumida (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae), on nests and flight activity of Cape and European honey bees (Apis mellifera). Apidologie, 34 (4), 399–408 (10 pages).
Elzen, P. J.; Baxter, J. R.; Westervelt, D.; Randall, C.; Delaplane, K.S.; Cutts, L.; Wilson, W.T., (1999). Field control and biology studies of a new pest species, Aethina tumida Murray (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae), attacking European honey bees in the Western Hemisphere. Apidologie, 30 (5), 361–366(6 pages).
Elzen, P. J.; Baxter, J. R.; Neumann, P.; Solbrig, A.; Pirk, C.; Hepburn, H. R.; Westervelt, D.; Randall, C., (2001).Behaviour of African and European subspecies of Apis mellifera toward the small hive beetle, Aethina tumida. J. Apicult. Res., 40 (1), 40–41 (2 pages).
Faucon, J. P., (2004). La loque américaine. La santé de l’abeille 202, 264–297 (33 pages).
Free, J. B., (1964). Comparison of the importance of insect and wind pollination of apple trees. Nature, 201 (3), 726–727 (2 pages).
Goodwin, M.; Van Eaton, C., ( 1999). Elimination of american foulbrood without the use of drugs: A practical manual for beekeepers. National Beekeepers’ Association of New Zealand Inc.
Harrison, B., (2005). U. S. beekeepers make history with first Australian bee imports. Am. Bee J., 145 (5), 287–289 (3 pages).
Hood, M., (2000). Overview of the small hive beetle Aethina tumida in North America. Bee World, 81 (1), 129–137 (9 pages).
Lindstrom, A.; Fries, I., (2005). Sampling of adult bees for detection of American foulbrood (Paenibacillus larvae subsp. larvae) spores in honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies. J. Agri. Res., 44 (2), 82–86 (4 pages).
Lumpkin, D., (2005). Overcoming obstacles during 2005 almond pollination. Am. Bee J., 145 (4), 290–294 (5 pages).
M.E.A. (2005). Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. Ecosystems and human well being: Biodiversity synthesis. World Resources Institute, Washington, DC.
Morse, R. A.; Flottum, K., (1997). Honey bee pests, Predators and diseases. The A.I. Root Company, Medina, Ohio, USA.
Murilhas, A., (2005). EurBee Newsletter No.2, April 2005. (1 page).
Neumann, P.; Elzen, P. J., (2004). The biology of the small hive beetle (Aethina tumida, Coleoptera: Nitidulidae): Gaps in our knowledge of an invasive species. Apidologie, 35 (3), 229–247 (18 pages).
Spiewok, S.; Pettis, J. S.; Duncan, M.; Spooner-Hart, R.; Westervelt, D.; Neumann, P., (2007). Small hive beetle, Aethina tumida, populations I: Infestation levels of honeybee colonies, apiaries and regions. Apidologie, 38 (6), 595–605 (7 pages).
Temple, M. L.; Emmett, B. J.; Scott, P. E.; Crabb, R. J., (2001). Economic Policy Evaluation of DEFRA’s Bee Health Programme, ADAS Consulting Ltd., Woodthorne, Wergs Road Wolverhampton WV6 8TQ. Report to Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, London, UK.
Tomkies, V.; Flint, J.; Johnson, G.; Waite, R.; Wilkins, S.; Danks, C.; Watkins, M.; Cuthbertson, A. G. S.; Carpana, E.; Marris, G.; Brown, M. A., (2009). Development and validation of novel field test kits for European foulbrood. Apidologie, 40 (1), 63–72 (10 pages).
Wilkins, S.; Brown, M. A.; Cuthbertson, A. G. S., (2007). The incidence of honey bee pests and diseases in England and Wales. Pest Manag. Sci., 63 (11), 1062–1068 (8 pages).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Cuthbertson, A.G.S., Brown, M.A. Issues affecting British honey bee biodiversity and the need for conservation of this important ecological component. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 6, 695–699 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03326110
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03326110
Keywords
- Apple Orchard
- Small Hive Beetle
- American Foulbrood
- Aethina Tumida
- European Foulbrood