References
Dowd R, Recker RR, Heaney RP. Study subjects and ordinary patients. Osteoporos Int 2000; 11: 533–6.
Hulley S, et al. Randomized trial of estrogen plus progestin for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women. Heart and Estrogen/progestin Replacement Study (HERS) Research Group. JAMA 1998; 280: 605–13.
Yusuf S, Dagenais G, Pogue J, Bosch J, Sleight P. Vitamin E supplementation and cardiovascular events in high-risk patients. The Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators. N Engl J Med 2000; 342: 154–60.
Concato J, Shah N, Horwitz RI. Randomized, controlled trials, observational studies, and the hierarchy of research designs. N Engl J Med 2000; 342: 1887–92.
Benson K, Hartz AJ. A comparison of observational studies and randomized, controlled trials. N Engl J Med 2000; 342: 1878–86.
Ioannidis JP, Haidich AB, Pappa M, et al. Comparison of evidence of treatment effects in randomized and nonrandomized studies. JAMA 2001; 286: 821–30.
Motheral BR, Fairman KA. The use of claims databases for outcomes research: rationale, challenges, and strategies. Clin Ther 1997; 19: 346–66.
Sacks H, Chalmers TC, Smith H Jr. Randomized versus historical controls for clinical trials. Am J Med 1982; 72: 233–40.
Langlois JA, Maggi S, Crepaldi G. Report of the Workshop on Hip Fracture Registries in Europe. Aging Clin Exp Res 2000; 12: 398–401.
Ayanian JZ. Using administrative data to assess health outcomes. Eur Heart J 1999; 20: 1689–91.
Gdalevich M, Cohen D, Yosef D, Tauber C. Morbidity and mortality after hip fracture: the impact of operative delay. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2004; 124: 334–40.
Huybrechts KF, Ishak KJ, Caro JJ. Assessment of compliance with osteoporosis treatment and its consequences in a managed care population. Bone 2006; 38: 922–8.
Watts NB, Worley K, Solis A, et al. Comparison of Risedronate to Alendronate and Calcitonin for early reduction of nonvertebral fracture risk: results from a managed care administrative claims database. JMCP 2004; 10: 142–51.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Maggi, S., Scafato, E. Is there a role for real life observational studies in integrating knowledge provided by randomized clinical trials?. Aging Clin Exp Res 18, 274–276 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03324661
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03324661