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Vaccination Recommendations for HIV-1-Infected Children

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Summary

Recommendations for the vaccination of HIV-1-infected children have been made by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices and the World Health Organization, and are reviewed in this article. The data on immunogenicity and safety of individual vaccines are also reviewed.

In evaluating the risk of immunisation, it appears that HIV-1-infected children have a very low incidence of vaccine-induced illness after administration of live vaccines such as bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) or measles-mumps-rubella (MMR). Rates of the common adverse reactions are similar in HIV-1-infected and noninfected children.

The immunogenicity and efficacy of the vaccines appears to be lower in HIV-infected children. However, a high proportion of asymptomatic HIV-infected children are able to mount protective levels of antibodies following vaccination. The ability to respond to vaccines correlates with the stage of HIV infection. Children with severe immunodeficiency have the lowest response rates and the most rapid decline of protective antibodies. Vaccination of HIV-infected children early in life before the onset of severe immunodeficiency, as well as the administration of additional booster vaccines, might increase the efficacy of vaccinations in HIV-infected children.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, NYU Medical Center and Bellevue Hospital, New York, New York, USA

    Vassiliki Papaevangelou &  William Borkowsky

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  1. Vassiliki Papaevangelou
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  2. William Borkowsky
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Papaevangelou, V., Borkowsky, W. Vaccination Recommendations for HIV-1-Infected Children. Clin Immunother 5, 5–12 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03259311

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