Abstract
Intelligent Vehicle (IV) systems are becoming increasingly common on automobiles, heavy trucks, transit buses, and even in the military. Intelligent vehicle systems are defined as systems which sense the driving environment and provide information and/or control to assist the driver in optimal vehicle operation. The focus is on the “tactical level” function of driving (steering/braking/throttle), as distinct from the “strategic level” of route selection, etc. A similar term used widely in Europe is Advanced Driver Assistance Systems. This paper provides an overview of intelligent vehicle R&D activities worldwide, focusing primarily on Europe, Japan, and the USA. Key applications are described, and government-sponsored programs, industrial development, market factors, and user issues are covered. An analysis is provided as to key differences between major programs, and a set of research priorities for the development of enabling technologies is offered.
Résumé
Les systèmes pour véhicules intelligents deviennent de plus en plus usuels sur les automobiles, les camions, les bus et même dans le domaine militaire. Ce sont des systèmes qui détectent l’environnement de conduite pour assister le conducteur en vue d’un fonctionnement optimal du véhicule. L’accent est mis sur l’aspect tactique de la conduite (volant, freins, accélérateur), par opposition à l’aspect stratégique (choix d’itinéraire, etc.). En Europe, on parle aussi largement de systèmes avancés d’assistance au conducteur. L’article présente une vue d’ensemble des activités de recherche et développement sur les véhicules intelligents partout dans le monde, en insistant sur l’Europe, le Japon et les Etats-Unis. Il décrit des applications cruciales et couvre à la fois les programmes financés par les gouvernements, le développement industriel, les facteurs du marché, les aspects utilisateur. L’article analyse aussi les différences entre les principaux programmes et présente des priorités de recherche pour développer les technologies de base nécessaires.
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Richard Bishop, founder of Bishop Consulting, supports clients internationally in research and business development within the intelligent vehicles arena — providing services in partnership development, intelligent vehicle applications, industry trend analysis and business strategy. Mr. Bishop serves as a U. S. expert toISO tc204 Working Group 16 on ITS Communications, focusing on developing standards for Floating Car Data and millimeter-wave communications. He is also publisher of IVsource.net, the only website focusing exclusively on coverage of intelligent vehicle developments.
During 1991–1997, Mr. Bishop managed USDOT’s program in vehicle-highway automationR&D. These activities culminated with Demo’97 in San Diego, which successfully showcased automated vehicle technology to the transportation community, international media and the public.
He holds a B.S. degree in Electrical Engineering from Auburn University and a M.S. Technical Management from Johns Hopkins University. He is currently enrolled in the Applied Healing Arts master’s degree program at theTai-sophia Institute.
Mr. Bishop has just completed a comprehensive overview of intelligent vehicle systems.Intelligent Vehicle Technology and Trends will be published by Artech House in spring 2005
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Bishop, R. Intelligent vehicle R&D: A review and contrast of programs worldwide and emerging trends. Ann. Télécommun. 60, 228–263 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03219820
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03219820
Key words
- Road vehicule
- Research and development
- Research program
- Review
- Automation
- Motocar industry
- Traffic aids
- User assistance
- Road safety