Abstract
The binary assembly behavior of 1-iodooctadecane with substituted phthalocyanine (Pc) is studied using the scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). By altering the substituted alkyl groups attached to the phthalocyanine ring, either uniform assembly or phase separation behavior can be observed. It is suggested that the strength of intermolecular interaction between phthalocyanine molecules is the determining factor for the assembly structure.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Whitesides, G. M., Mathias, J. P., Seto, C. T., Molecular self-assembly and nanochemistry-a chemical strategy for the synthesis of nanostructures, Science, 1991, 254: 1312–1319.
Rabe, J. P., Buchhilz, S., Commensurability and mobility in 2-dimensional molecular-patterns on graphite, Science, 1991, 253: 424–427.
Feyter, S. D., Grim, P. C. M., Rucker, M. et al., Expression of chirality by achiral coadsorbed molecules in chiral monolayers observed by STM, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Communications, 1998, 37: 1223–1226.
Bhyrappa, P., Wilson, S. R., Suslick, K. S., Supramolecular networks of octahydroxy porphyrins, Supramolecular Chemistry, 1998, 9: 169–174.
Kumar, R. K., Balasubramanian, S., Goldberg, I., Supramolecular multiporphyrin architecture. Coordination polymers and open networks in crystals of tetrakis(4-cyanophenyl) and tetrakis(4-nitrophenyl)metalloporphyrin, Inorg. Chem., 1998, 37: 541–552.
Diskin-Posner, Y., Goldberg, I., From porphyrin sponges to porphyrin sieves: a unique crystalline lattice of aquazinc tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin with nanosized channels, Chem. Commun., 1999, 19: 1961–1962.
Diskin-Posner, Y., Kumar, R. K., Goldberg, I., Solid-state supramolecular chemistry of porphyrins, Stacked and layered heterogeneous aggregation modes of tetraarylporphyrins with crown ethers, New J. Chem., 1999, 23: 885–890.
Giancarlo, L., Cyr, D., Muyskens, K. et al., Scanning tunneling microscopy of molecular adsorbates at the liquid-solid interface: Functional group variations in image contrast, Langmuir, 1998, 14: 1465–1471.
Hibino, M., Sumi, A., Hatta, I., Molecular arrangements of fatty-acids and cholesterol at liquid graphite interface observed by scanning-tunneling-microscopy, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 1995, 34: 3354–3359.
Claypool, C. L., Faglioni, F., Goddard, W. A. III. et al., Tunneling mechanism implications from an STM study of H3C(CH2)(15) HC=C=CH(CH2)(15)CH3 on graphite and C14H29OH on MoS2, J. Phys. Chem. B, 1999, 103: 7077–7080.
Claypool, C. L., Faglioni, F., Goddard, W. A. III. et al., Source of image contrast in STM images of functionalized alkanes on graphite: A systematic functional group approach, J. Phys. Chem. B, 1997, 101: 5978–5995.
Baker, R. T., Mougous, J. D., Brackley, A. et al., Competitive adsorption, phase segregation, and molecular motion at a solid-liquid interface studied by scanning tunneling microscopy, Langmuir, 1999, 15: 4884–4891.
Freund, J., Probst, O., Grafstrom, S. et al., Scanning tunneling microscopy of liquid-crystals, perylene-tetracarboxylic-dianhydride and phthalocyanine, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B, 1994, 12: 1914–1917.
Eichhorst-Gerner, K., Stabel, A., Moessner, G. et al., Self-assembly of a two-component hydrogen-bonded network: Comparison of the two-dimensional structure observed by scanning tunneling microscopy and the three-dimensional crystal lattice, Angew. Chem. Int. Engl., 1996, 35: 1492–1495.
Liu, H. G., Qian, D. J., Feng, X. S. et al., Monolayer studies on an acetic acid substituted porphyrin and its complexes with aliphatic amines or quaternary ammonium salts at the air-liquid interface, Langmuir, 2000, 16: 5079–5085.
Cruz, F. D., Armand, F., Albouy, P. A. et al., Organization of a new tetraalkynyl porphyrin by the Langmuir-Blodgett technique, Langmuir, 1999, 15: 3653–3660.
Fendler, J. H., Meldrum, F., The colloid chemical approach to nanostructured materials, Adv. Mater., 1995, 7: 607–632.
Hooks, D. E., Fritz, T., Ward, M. D., Epitaxy and molecular organization on solid substrates, Adv. Mater., 2001, 13: 227.
Ludwig, C., Strohmaier, R., Peterson, J. et al., Epitaxy and scanning tunneling microscopy image-contrast of copper phthalocyanine on graphite and MoS2, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B, 1994, 12: 1963–1966.
Xu, B., Yin, S., Wang, C. et al., Stabilization effect of alkane buffer layer on formation of nanometer-sized metal phthalocyanine domains, J. Phys. Chem. B, 2000, 104: 10502–10505.
Peterson, J. L., Schramm, C. S., Stojakovic, D. R. et al., A new class of highly conductive molecular solids: the partially oxidized phthalocyanines, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1977, 99: 286.
Qiu, X. H., Wang, C., Zeng, Q. D. et al., Alkane-assisted adsorption and assembly of phthalocyanines and porphyrins, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2000, 122: 5550–5556.
Lei, S. B., Wang, C., Yin, S. X. et al., Single molecular arrays of phthalocyanine assembled with nanometer sized alkane templates, J. Phys. Chem. B, 2001, 105: 12272–12277.
Lei, S. B., Xu, B., Wang, C. et al., Scanning tunneling microscopy characterization of aromatic molecules stabilized by a buffer layer of alkane derivatives, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 2001, 40: 4273–4276.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
About this article
Cite this article
Lei, S., Wang, C., Wan, L. et al. Controlled assembly of copper phthalocyanine with 1-iodooctadecane. Chin. Sci. Bull. 48, 1519–1524 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03183952
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03183952