Abstract
Flow visualization of a near wall flow is of great importance in the field of biofluid mechanics in general and for studies of pathologic vessel enlargements (aneurysms) particularly. Wall shear stress (WSS) is one of the important hemodynamic parameters implicated in aneurysm growth and rupture. The WSS distributions in anatomically realistic vessel models are normally investigated by computational fluid dynamics (CFD). However, the results of CFD flow studies should be validated. The recently proposed Wall-PIV method was first applied in an enlarged transparent model of a cerebri anterior artery terminal aneurysm made of silicon rubber. This new method, called Wall-PIV, allows the investigation of a flow adjacent to transparent surfaces with two finite radii of curvature (vaulted walls). Using an optical method which allows the observation of particles up to a predefined depth enables the visualization solely of the boundary layer flow. This is accomplished by adding a specific molecular dye to the fluid which absorbs the monochromatic light used to illuminate the region of observation. The results of the Wall-PIV flow visualization were qualitatively compared with the results of the CFD flow simulation under steady flow conditions. The CFD study was performed using the program FLUENT®. The results of the CFD simulation were visualized using the line integral convolution (LIC) method with a visualization tool from AMIRA®. The comparison found a very good agreement between experimental and numerical results.
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Leonid Goubergrits: He received his MSc (Physics) in Fluid Mechanics in 1993 from the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Department of the Aeromechanics and Flying Machines, Russia Federation. He also received his doctorate in Engineering in 2000 from the Technische Universität Berlin. Since 1996 Leonid Goubergrits works at the Biofluid Mechanics Laboratory, Charité — Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany as a research assistant. He also teaches Biofluid Mechanics at the Technische Universität Berlin. His research interests are quantitative visualization, PIV, CFD, flow optimization of the artificial organs and flow analysis of the blood flow in native vessels and artificial organs including modeling of the blood damage.
Sarah Weber: She studied Physical Engineering at the Technische Universität Berlin. Currently, she is working at the Biofluid Mechanics Laboratory, Charité — Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany as a research assistant. Her research interests are quantitative visualization, PIV, CFD and analysis of the blood flow in native vessels and especially in capillaries that includes the multiphase blood modeling. The study presented here is a part of her diploma thesis.
Christoph Petz: He received his diploma in computer science in 2003 from the University of Marburg, Germany. He wrote his diploma thesis at the Max-Planck-Institut für Informatik. Currently, he works at the Konrad-Zuse-Institute Berlin (ZIB) as a researcher at the Scientific Visualization group. His research interests are hardware-based rendering and volume visualization.
Andreas Spuler: He studied Medicine in Würzburg, Vienna, and Zurich. He received his doctorate in Medicine from the Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich in 1989. As a postdoctoral fellow he worked at the Institute of Neurophysiology in Munich and at the Brain Research Institute in Zurich. He did his residency in neurosurgery at the University Hospital Munich and a neurosurgical fellowship at the Mayo Clinic Rochester 1996/1997. Since 1999 he is vice chairman of the neurosurgical department of the Helios Klinikum Berlin-Buch. His research interest is focused on neurovascular disorders, their pathophysiology and treatment.
Andre Berthe: He studied Chemical and Power Engineering as well as Environmental engineering at the Technical University of Berlin and the École des Mines des Saint-Etiènne. Receiving three diplomas in 2005 and 2006 he works at the Biofluid Mechanics Laboratory, Charité — Universitätsmedizin Berlin as research assistant and prepare his doctor thesis. His research interests are quantitative visualization, PIV, data treatment and the development of optical measurement techniques. Postgraduate student at the Technische Universität of Berlin.
Hans-Christian Hege: He studied physics, mathematics and philosophy at Free University Berlin. Hon. Prof. H.-Ch. Hege is a head of the Department Visualization and Data Analysis in the Division Scientific Computing of the Zuse-Institute Berlin, which he started in 1991. His research interests are data visualization, image analysis and virtual laboratories for life sciences, natural sciences and engineering. His major interest is in design and development of effective techniques for visual data analysis.
Jens Poethke: He received his diploma in Physical Engineering from the Technische Universität Berlin in 2007. Since 2007 Jens Poethke works at Biofluid Mechanics Laboratory, Charité — Universitätsmedizin Berlin as research assistant and prepares his doctor thesis in the field of hemodynamics of cerebral aneurysms. His research interests are CFD, analysis of the blood flow in native vessels and thrombus formation including platelet activation in flow.
Ulrich Kertzscher: He received his diploma in Physical Engineering from the Technische Universität Berlin in 1989, and his doctorate (Eng.) from the Technical University Karlsruhe in 1994. Since 1997 Ulrich Kertzscher works at the Biofluid Mechanics Laboratory, Charité — Universitätsmedizin Berlin first as research assistant and then as laboratory director. He teaches Biofluid Mechanics at the Technical University Berlin. His research interests are quantitative visualization, PIV, flow optimization of artificial organs and analysis of the blood flow in native vessels.
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Goubergrits, L., Weber, S., Petz, C. et al. Wall-PIV as a near wall flow validation tool for CFD: Application in a pathologic vessel enlargement (aneurysm). J Vis 12, 241–250 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03181862
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03181862