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A maximal effort trial in obese women carrying the β2-adrenoceptor Gln27Glu polymorphism

Influencia del ejercicio en mujeres obesas con el polimorfismo Gln27Glu en el receptor adrenérgico β2

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to observe the relationship of the β2-adrenoceptor (ADRB2) gene polymorphism Gln27Glu in a group of obese female subjects submitted to an acute physical activity test. Six Glu27/Glu27 obese women were compared with six Gln27/Gln27 obese women (coupled by age, BMI, waist circumference, percentage of fat mass and absence of smoking). These groups were selected after having genotyped 91 obese subjects (BMI>30 kg/m2, age 20–60). Polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) were used to genotype the obese population. The physical activity challenge consisted of a Maximal effort trial (VO2 max) following the Bruce protocol on a walking treadmill. The frequency for the Glu allele was 0.42, which is similar to other Caucasian populations. In basal conditions, subjects with the Glu27/Glu27 genotype showed a higher value of plasma insulin, while circulating glucose levels were similar in both groups. Also, diastolic arterial pressure was higher in the Glu27/Glu27 obese women. After the VO2 max trial, the Glu27 group had a significantly higher respiratory exchange ratio than the Gln27 group suggesting a lower post-exercise fat oxidation. These results provide evidence about a possible impact of the Gln27Glu polymorphism in the ADRB2 gene concerning a better response to exercise in obese Gln27 female subjects, in which basal insulinemia may play a role.

Resumen

El objetivo de este estudio consiste en el estudio del efecto del polimorfismo Gln27Glu en el gen del receptor adrenérgico β2 en mujeres obesas sometidas a un test agudo de esfuerzo máximo. Para ello, de entre 91 mujeres obesas (IMC>30Kg/m2 y edad comprendida entre 20 y 60 años), se seleccionan 6 mujeres homozigotas Gln27/Gln27 coincidentes por edad, IMC, perímetro de la cintura, porcentaje de masa grasa y ausencia de tabaquismo, con otras 6 mujeres homozigotas Glu27/Glu27. La presencia del polimorfismo se detecta por medio de la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa y los polimorfismos de la longitud de los fragmentos de restricción (PCR-RFLP). La prueba de ejercicio consiste en un test de esfuerzo máximo (VO2 max) de acuerdo con el protocolo de Bruce en un tapiz rodante. La frecuencia del alelo Glu fue 0,42, que es semejante a la observada en poblaciones caucásicas comparables. Los niveles de insulina en condiciones basales son superiores en las mujeres obesas con el genotipo Glu27/Glu27, así como los valores de presión arterial diastólica, aunque no se observan diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la glucemia. Tras el ejercicio máximo, el cociente respiratorio es inferior en las mujeres obesas portadoras del genotipo Gln27/Gln27, lo cual sugiere una mayor oxidación lipídica en este grupo. Estos resultados apoyan que el polimorfismo Gln27Glu en el gen del receptor adrenérgico β2 condiciona la respuesta (lipolisis) frente a un esfuerzo máximo, ya que las mujeres obesas del grupo homozigoto para el alelo más infrecuente (Glu27) presentan un perfil metabólico más desfavorable frente al ejercicio y puede explicar, en parte, la tendencia a la obesidad en esas mujeres.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. of Physiology and Nutrition, University Clinic, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea s/n, 31080, Pamplona, Spain

    T. Macho-Azcárate, A. Martí & J. A. Martínez

  2. Dept. of Cardiology, University Clinic, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea s/n, 31080, Pamplona, Spain

    J. Calabuig

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  1. T. Macho-Azcárate
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  2. J. Calabuig
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  3. A. Martí
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  4. J. A. Martínez
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Correspondence to J. A. Martínez.

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Macho-Azcárate, T., Calabuig, J., Martí, A. et al. A maximal effort trial in obese women carrying the β2-adrenoceptor Gln27Glu polymorphism. J. Physiol. Biochem. 58, 103–108 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03179845

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03179845

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