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Memory strategies and metamemory knowledge under memory demands change in waiters learners

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Abstract

This study aims to examine how adults use memory strategies when memory demands change and how it depends on metamemory and may account for individual differences. Metamemory about strategy was assessed by interview in forty waiters learners. Then, they were asked to execute a simulated beverage-service task (three successive recalls) for which memory demands were manipulated with table size and perceptive cues. At last, working memory span was assessed. Results revealed a significant contribution of the various variables (memory demands, metamemory knowledge, span) on recall performances when the three different recalls were considered as separated. By contrast, the four strategy patterns observed on this sample could not be distinguished neither according to metamemory knowledge nor as a function of performance. The issue about the individual differences in strategy efficiency is explored by pointing out methodological limits. Moreover, the non linear progression of performance with the increase in the level of elaborative strategy use is discussed.

Résumé

L’objet de cette recherche consiste à examiner les modalités de régulation de l’activité d’adultes sous l’effet de changements de contraintes mnémoniques. La variabilité interindividuelle des modalités de régulation est examinée en relation avec les connaissances métamnémoniques. Les métaconnaissances stratégiques ont été évaluées par entretien individuel auprès de 40 apprentis en formation professionnelle de serveur. Puis, les sujets réalisaient successivement trois rappels dans une tache simulée de servive de boissons dans laquelle les exigences mnémoniques étaient manipulées par le nombre de clients à servir et par la présence ou non d’indices perceptifs. Enfin, l’empan en mémoire de travail était évalué. Les résultats font apparaître une contribution significative des différentes variables (contraintes mnémoniques, métaconnaissances stratégiques, empan) aux variations de performances lorsque les différents types de rappels sont considérés séparément. En revanche, les patterns de stratégies constatés ne sont liés ni aux connaissances métamnémoniques, ni à la performance. Le constat de différences individuelles dans l’efficacité d’une même stratégie est discuté en liaison avec les limites méthodologiques de l’étude. En outre, la discussion aborde la question de la progression non linéaire des performances avec l’augmentation du niveau d’élaboration des stratégies.

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Huet, N., Mariné, C. Memory strategies and metamemory knowledge under memory demands change in waiters learners. Eur J Psychol Educ 12, 23–35 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03172867

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03172867

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