Samenvatting
De prognose van acute promyelocytaire leukemie (APL) bij kinderen is de afgelopen tien tot vijftien jaar verbeterd doordat ATRA (all-trans retinoic acid) deel uit ging maken van de therapie. Om vroeg overlijden van de patiënt te voorkomen, is het van eminent belang dat ATRA zo snel mogelijk bij verdenking op deze diagnose wordt toegediend. Een nadeel van ATRA is het optreden van toxiciteit, waarvan de belangrijkste bijwerking het ATRA-syndroom is. Tussen 1983 en 2004 is er in Nederland bij zeventien kinderen APL gediagnosticeerd. De eerste zeven van deze patiënten zijn niet met ATRA behandeld, bij de laatste tien patiënten maakte ATRA wel deel uit van de behandeling. Er is een duidelijk verschil tussen de vijfjaarsoverleving van deze twee groepen conform gegevens uit de literatuur, in het voordeel van de patiënten die met ATRA zijn behandeld (60% versus 43%, p=0,22). In de loop van 2007 is in Nederland een behandelprotocol voor APL ingevoerd, waarbij onder andere intensief gebruik van ATRA de prognose van APL verder moet verbeteren.
Summary
The prognosis of pediatric acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) improved during the last decade because of the addition of ATRA (all-trans retinoic acid) to therapy. To prevent early death of the patients, it is important to administer ATRA after diagnosis as quickly as possible. A disadvantage of ATRA is the occurrence of toxicity, like ATRA-syndrome. Between 1983 and 2004, seventeen Dutch children were diagnosed with APL. The first seven patients were not treated with ATRA, the other ten patients were. A clear difference in five-year overall survival between the group treated with ATRA and the group not treated with ATRA, is found (60% versus 43%, p=0.22). In 2007 a Dutch protocol for the treatment of APL has been introduced. Among other things, intensive use of ATRA-therapy has to improve the prognosis of APL.
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Mw. drs. M.L. de Rooij, student geneeskunde, VU medisch centrum, Amsterdam. Dhr. dr. S.S.N. de Graaf, kinderarts-oncoloog/hematoloog, UMC St Radboud, Nijmegen/Stichting Kinderoncologie Nederland, Den Haag. Mw. dr. E.S.J.M. de Bont, kinderarts-oncoloog/hematoloog, UMCG, Universiteit van Groningen, Groningen/Stichting Kinderoncologie Nederland, Den Haag. Dhr. prof. dr. G.J.L. Kaspers, kinderarts-oncoloog/hematoloog, VU medisch centrum, Amsterdam/Stichting Kinderoncologie Nederland, Den Haag.
Correspondentieadres: Prof. dr. G.J.L. Kaspers, afdeling Kindergeneeskunde, VU medisch centrum, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam.
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de Rooij, M.L., de Graaf, S.S.N., de Bont, E.S.J.M. et al. Acute promyelocytaire leukemie bij kinderen in Nederland. KIND 77, 22–30 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03086348
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03086348