Skip to main content
Log in

Het spectrum van dementie met Lewy bodiesOver oorzaak, klinisch beeld en behandeling

Deel 1 epidemiologie, neuropathologie en neurochemie

  • Wetenschappelijk artikel
  • Published:
Tijdschrift voor VerpleeghuisGeneeskunde

Abstract Summary Differences and similarities between Lewy body dementia and Parkinson’s disease dementia

The diagnosis of Lewy body dementia (LBD) and Parkinson’s disease dementia (PDD) is based on an arbitrary distinction between the time of onset of cognitive and motor symptoms. Both diagnoses share many features, like the presence of Lewy bodies, the core symptomatology and the core neurochemical deficits.

However, the cognitive symptoms are more severe in DLB, very likely due to extensive beta-amyloid deposits in the cortex, the parkinsonian symptoms are more severe in PDD, due to the more extensive loss of presynaptic dopaminergic neurons and the hippocampal atrophy is more extensive in DLB, very likely due to a loss of fronto-hippocampal projections. Therefore DLB and PDD seem to be part of a spectrum of Lewy body pathologies, which may be accompanied by other protein deposits, like beta-amyloid, causing a different severity and timing of the symptoms. The cognitive symptoms and hallucinations can be treated by cholinesterase inhibitors and anti-psychotics. DLB patients mostly do not tolerate antipsychotics, causing extrapiramidal side effects.

Samenvatting

De diagnose Lewy body dementie (DLB) of Parkinson dementia (PDD) wordt gesteld op basis van een arbitrair onderscheid in tijdstip van ontstaan van de dementie en de motorische symptomen. Beide beelden hebben veel overeenkomsten, zoals het voorkomen van Lewy bodies, de identieke kernsymptomen, en de gemeenschappelijke neurochemische defecten.

Echter de dementie is meer uitgesproken bij DLB, waarschijnlijk door de uitgebreide aanwezigheid van beta-amyloid deposities in de cortex, het parkinsonisme is meer uitgesproken bij PDD door een uitgebreider pre-synaptisch dopaminerg neuronverlies en er wordt meer hippocampale atrofie gevonden bij DLB vs. PDD, o.a. op basis van een verlies aan hippocampale projecties naar de cortex. DLB en PDD kunnen daarom het beste beschouwd worden als 2 vormen binnen het spectrum van Lewy body beelden, al of niet in combinatie met andere eiwitstapelingen zoals beta-amyloid, die ernst en timing van symptomen variabel maken. De cognitieve klachten en hallucinaties bij DLB en PDD kunnen behandeld worden met cholinesterase remmers. Anti-psychotica zijn vooral geschikt voor PDD patienten, omdat DLB patienten hiervoor vaak overgevoelig zijn.

Trefwoorden: Lewy bodies (LB), Lewy body dementie (LBD), Parkinson dementie (PDD), dopamine, acetylcholine, cholinesterase remmers, anti-psychotica

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Figuur 1
Figuur 2

Literatuur

  • Emre M, Dementia associated with Parkinson's disease. Lancet Neurol 2003;2:229–237. IG McKeith, D Galasko, K Kosaka et al., Consensus guidelines for the clinical and pathologic diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB): report of the consortium on DLB international workshop. Neurology 47 (1996), pp. 1113–1124.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cummings JL. Intellectual impairment in Parkinons’s disease;clinical, pathologic and biochemical correlates. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 1988;1:24-36.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mayeux R, Denaro J. Hemenegildo N.A population-based investigation of Parkinson’s disease with and without dementia; relationship to age and gender.Arch Neurol 1992;49:492-97. Aarsland D, Andersen K, Larsen JP, Lolk A, Nielsen H, Kragh-Sorensen P. Prevalence and characteristics of dementia in Parkinson’s disease; an eight-year prospective study. Arch Neurol 2003;60:386-92.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Matilla PM, Rinne JO, Helenius H, Dickson DW, Roytta M. Alpha-synuclein-immunoreative cortical Lewy-bodies are associated with cognitive impairment in parkinson’s disease. Acta Neuropathol 2000 ;100 :285-90.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hurtig HI,Trojanowski JQ, Galvin J, et al.Alpha-synuclein cortical Lewy bodies correlate with dementia in Parkinson’s disease. Neurology 2000 ;54 :1916-21.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Braak H, Ghebremedhin E, Rub U, Bratzke H, Del Tredici K. Stages in the development of Parkinson’s disease-related pathology. Cell Tissue Res 2004 ;318 :121-134.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Harding AJ, Halliday GM. Cortical Lewy body pathology in the diagnosis of dementia. Acta Neuropathol 2001 ;102 :355.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Colosimo C, Hughes AJ, Kilford L, Lees AJ. Lewy body cortical involvement may not always predict dementia in Parkinson’s disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2003; 74:852-856.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Harding AJ, Stimson E, Henderson JM, Halliday GM, Clinical correlates of selective pathology in the amygdala of patients with Parkinson's disease. Brain 2002;125:2431–2445.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kovari E, Gold G, Herrmann FR, et al. Lewy body densities in the entorhinal and anterior cingulate cortex predict cognitive deficits in Parkinson’s disease. Acta Neuropathol 2003;106:83-88.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Burton EJ,McKeith IG, Burn DJ,Williams ED, O’Brien JT. Cerebral atrophy in Parkinson’s disease with and without dementia: a comparison with Alzheimer’s disease, dementia with Lewy bodies and controls. Brain 2004; 127:791-800.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Double KL, Halliday GM, McRitchie DA, Reid WG, Hely MA, Morris JG. Regional brain atrophy in idiopathic Parkinson’s disease and diffuse Lewy body disease. Dementia 1996; 7:304-313.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Harding AJ, Lakay B, Halliday GM. Selective hippocampal neuron loss in dementia with Lewy bodies.Ann Neurol 2002;51:125-128.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Harding AJ, Halliday GM. Cortical Lewy body pathology in the diagnosis of dementia. Acta Neuropathol 2001; 102:355-363.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hughes AJ, Daniel SE, Blankson S, Lees AJ. A clinicopathologic study of 100 cases of Parkinson’s disease.Arch Neurol 1993 ;50 :140-48.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tsuboi Y, Dickson DW, Dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson’s disease with dementia: Are they different? Parkinsonism and Rel Disord 2005;11:S47–S51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stern Y, Langston JW. Intellectual changes in patients with MPTP-induced parkinsonism. Neurology 1985 ;35 :1506-09.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stern Y, Tetrud JW, Martin WR, Kutner SI, Langston JW. Cognitive change following MPTP exposure. Neurology 1990 ;40 :261-64.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rinne JO, Rummokainen J, Paljarvi L, Rinne UK. Dementia in Parkinson’s disease is related to neuronal loss in the medial substantia nigra.Ann Neurol 1989 ;26 :47-50.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Candy JM, Perry RH, Perry EK, et al. Pathological changes in the nucleus of Meynert in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. J Neurol Sci 1983;59 :277-89.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nakano J, Hirano A. Parkinson’s disease : neuron loss in the nucleus basalis without concomitant Alzheimer’s disease.Ann Neurol 1984 ;15 :415-18.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Perry EK, Curtis M, Dick DJ, et al. Cholinergic correlates of cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease : comparisons with Alzheimer’s disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1985 ;48 :413-21.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tiraboschi P, Hansen LA,Alford M et al. Early and widespread cholinergic losses differentiate dementia with Lewy bodies from Alzheimer disease.Arch Gen Psychiatry 2002;59:946–51.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Perry EK, McKeith I,Thompson P, et al.Topography, extent, and clinical relevance of neurochemical deficits in dementia of Lewy body type, Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1991 ;640 :197-202.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lieberman AN. Point of View: Dementia in Parkinson's Disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 1997;3: 151-8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Upper processing stages of the perception-action cycle. Fuster JM.Trends in Cogn Sci 2004; 8:14.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Teus van Laar.

Additional information

neuroloog Polikliniek Bewegingsstoornissen, UMC Groningen

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

van Laar, T. Het spectrum van dementie met Lewy bodiesOver oorzaak, klinisch beeld en behandeling. TVVG 31, 71–75 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03075148

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03075148

Navigation