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Geen ondermijnend effect van ‘Eye movement desensitization’ op het visueel geheugen

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Samenvatting

In nogal wat gevalsstudies over de effecten van Eye Movement Desensitization (emd) wordt geclaimd dat emd het visuele geheugen ondermijnt. De suggestie is dat dit effect wel eens ten grondslag zou kunnen liggen aan de gunstige uitwerking van emd. In deze laboratoriumstudie werd nagegaan of emd inderdaad een negatief effect heeft op het visuele geheugen. Normale proefpersonen zagen een reeks van dia's, waaronder een aversieve dia. Vervolgens kregen de proefpersonen de opdracht om zich de dia's in herinnering te brengen. Inmiddels werd de ene helft met emd en de andere helft met een controle–interventie ‘behandeld’. Daarna werd de proefpersonen gevraagd zoveel mogelijk dia's te reproduceren. emd bleek niet te leiden tot een verminderde reproductie. Ook was er geen enkele aanwijzing dat emd speciaal het geheugen voor de aversieve dia negatief had beïnvloed. De resultaten worden in een bredere context geplaatst.

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Notes

  1. De auteurs zijn drs. Ad de Jongh zeer erkentelijk voor zijn adviezen en voor de literatuur die hij ons ter hand stelde.

  2. Andere interessante overeenkomsten met de psychoanalyse zijn een zekere mystificatie van de oorsprong van de behandeling, vergaande schoolvorming en institutionalisering en het gebruik van ad hominem argumenten tegen critici.

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Authors and Affiliations

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    Harald Merckelbach

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  1. Harald Merckelbach
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  2. Eef Hogervorst
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  3. Mirjam Kampman
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Abstract

No detrimental effect of eye mevement desensitization on visual memory. A consistent claim in case studies about the beneficial effects of eye movement desensitization (emd) is that emd undermines visual memory. In order to examine this claim, an experiment was carried out in which normal subjects (n = 20) saw a series of 15 slides. Of these 14 were neutral and 1 was aversive (occurring in the 8th position). Next, subjects were instructed to rehearse the slides. Meanwhile, half of the subjects underwent emd, whereas the other half performed a control activity (‘finger tapping’). Following this, subjects were asked to reproduce the slides in a free recall task. No evidence was found to suggest that emd undermines visual memory, i.e., emd and control group did not differ with regard to the mean number of recalled items or their ability to memorize the aversive slide. Neither did the groups differ with regard to the priority that was given to the aversive item during free recall. Implications of the results are discussed.

Dr. H. Merckelbach is experimenteel psycholoog en als universitair hoofddocent verbonden aan de vakgroep Differentiële en Experimentele Psychologie van de Rijksuniversiteit Limburg. Drs. E. Hogervorst en Drs. M. Kampman studeerden gezondheidswetenschappen aan de Rijksuniversiteit Limburg. De hier beschreven studie maakte deel uit van hun doctoraal onderzoek.

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Merckelbach, H., Hogervorst, E. & Kampman, M. Geen ondermijnend effect van ‘Eye movement desensitization’ op het visueel geheugen. DITH 13, 156–160 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03060048

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