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Measurement of surface and interfacial tension from the maximum pressure in sessile and pendant bubbles and drops

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Abstract

The measurement of surface and interfacial tension from the maximum pressure in sessile and pendant bubble and drops is, described. New theoretical data are presented which enable the surface and interfacial tension to be calculated without iteration.

Although the maximum pressure in pendant bubbles is less than that in sessile bubbles, they retain their symmetry during detachment from the capillary tip and so havt experimental advantages. Reproducible results in good agreement with literature values are obtained for the surface and interfacial tension of several liquids and immiscible liquid pairs.

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Abbreviations

b:

radius of curvature at apex of sessile or pendant interface

B = bc1/2 :

dimensionlessb

c = (ρh − ρ1) g/σ:

constant characterizing physical properties

g:

acceleration due to gravity

ha :

height of upper surface of manometric fluid below free surface of liquid

hm :

manometric head

ht :

length of tube immersed in heavy liquid

Δh :

equivalent net hydrostatic head

Ah max :

maximum value of Δh

ΔH= (Δh)c 1/2 :

dimensionless Δh

ΔH max :

maximum value of ΔhH

m:

constant in the expression for temperature coefficient of surface tension

n:

constant in the expression for temperature coefficient of surface tension

Δp :

excess pressure at apex of sessile or pendant drop

r:

radius of capillary tube

X = rc 1/2 :

dimensionless radius

z:

vertical distance from apex of sessile or pendant interface

Z:

dimensionlessz

θ:

temperature

ρa:

density of air

ρh:

density of heavy fluid

ρ1 :

density of light fluid

ρm:

density of manometric fluid

σ:

surface or interfacial tension

σ0 :

surface tension at 0° C

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zürich, Switzerland

    S. Ramakrishnan, K. Mailliet & S. Hartland

Authors
  1. S. Ramakrishnan
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  2. K. Mailliet
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  3. S. Hartland
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Ramakrishnan, S., Mailliet, K. & Hartland, S. Measurement of surface and interfacial tension from the maximum pressure in sessile and pendant bubbles and drops. Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. 83, 107–118 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03051197

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03051197

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