Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

On the functional anatomy of the salivary systems ofPurana tigrina Walk. (Homoptera: Cicadidae)

  • Published:
Proceedings / Indian Academy of Sciences

Abstract

InPurana tigrina walk. the principal salivary system consists of several digitate lobes which are arranged in two sectors, viz. the cephalic sector and the thoracic sector, corresponding to the anterior and the posterior lobes respectively of the principal salivary gland of a generalised bug. All the lobes of both the sectors are similar in their histology and staining reactions. The accessory salivary system inP. tigrina is unique among insects. It consists of a very long convoluted, collapsible secretory tube which is more than thirty times longer and six times wider than the accessory salivary duct, the junction of the tube and the duct being indicated by a circlet of five binucleate unicellular gular glands. It is suggested that the tube serves the function of secretion and storage of watery saliva and the gular glands secrete certain material which in combination with the watery saliva, serves as stylet sheath forming material thereby favouring the penetration of the stylet fascicle into the hard bark of the stem during feeding operation. The existing fluid pressure in the tube and its collapsible nature are suggestive of the ejection of the fluid through the highly chitinous resistible duct at great force, analogous to the drilling fluid used in mechanical drilling operation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Baptist B A 1941 The morphology and physiology of the salivary glands of Hemiptera-Heteroptera;Q. J. Microsc. Sci. 83 91–139

    Google Scholar 

  • Bronskil J F, Salkeld E H and Friend W G 1958 Anatomy, histology and secretion of the salivary glands of the large milk weed bug,Oncopeltus fasciatus (Dallas) Hemiptera: Lygaeidae;Can. J. Zool. 30 961–968

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goodchild A J P 1952 A study of the digestive system of the West African Cacao Capsid Bug (Hemiptera: Miridae);Proc. Zool. Soc. London 122 543–572

    Google Scholar 

  • Goodchild A J P 1963a Studies on the functional anatomy of the intestines of Heteroptera;Proc. Zool. Soc. London 141 851–950

    Google Scholar 

  • Goodchild A J P 1963b Some new observations on the intestinal structures concerned with water disposal in sap-sucking Hemiptera;Trans. R. Entomol. Soc. London B115 217–237

    Google Scholar 

  • Goodchild A J P 1966 Evolution of the alimentaly canal in the Hemiptera;Biol. Rev. 41 97–104

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Livingstone D 1967 On the morphology and Biology ofTingis buddleiae Drake (Heteroptera: Tingidae) Part IV Functional anatomy of the digestive system;J. Animal Morphol. Physiol. 14 170–199

    Google Scholar 

  • Livingstone D 1969 On the morphology and biology ofTingis buddleiae Drake (Heteroptera: Tingidae) Part II. The functional anatomy of the head;J. Anim. Morphol. Physiol. 16 135–189

    Google Scholar 

  • Miles P W 1959a The salivary secretions of the plant bug.Oncopltus fasciatus (Dall.) (Heteroptera: Lygaeidae) I. The type of secretion and their roles during feeding;J. Insect Physiol. 3 243–255

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Miles P W 1959b The secretion of two types of saliva by an aphid;Nature (London) 183 756

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Miles P W 1964a Studies on the salivary physiology of plant bugs: oxidase activity in the salivary apparatus and saliva;J. Insect Physiol. 10 121–129

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miles P W 1964b Studies on the salivary physiology of plant bugs: The chemistry of formation of sheath material;J. Insect Physiol. 10 147–160

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miles P W 1965 Studies on the salivary physiology of plant bugs: The salivary secretions of Aphids;J. Insect Physiol. 11 1261–1268

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miles P W 1967 Studies on the salivary physiology of plant Bugs: Transport from haemolymph to saliva;J. Insect Physiol. 13 1787–1901

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miles P W 1968 Studies on the salivary physiology of plant Bugs: Experimental induction of galls;J. Insect Physiol. 14 97–106

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miles P W 1969 Incorporation and matabolism of cysteine in the haemolymph and saliva of a plant bug;Aust. J. Biol. Sci. 22 1271–1276

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miles P W 1972 The saliva of Hemiptera;Adv. Insect. Physiol. 9 183–255

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miles P W, Mclean D L and Kinsay M G 1964 Evidence that two species of Aphids ingest food through an open stylet sheath;Experientia 20 1–3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Salkeld E H 1959 Histological studies on location and distribution of estrases in the salivary glands of the large milk weed bug,Oncopeltus fasciatus (Dall.) (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae);Can. J. Zool. 37 113–115

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Salkeld E H 1960 A histochemical study of the secretions in the principal salivary glands of the large milk weed bug,Oncopeltus fasciatus (Dall.) (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae);Can. J. Zool. 38 449–454

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Saxena K N 1963 Mode of ingestion in a Heteropterous insect,Dysdercus koenigii Fabr. (Pyrrhocoridae);J. Insect Physiol. 9 47–71

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Southwood T R E 1955 The morphology of the salivary glands of terrestrial Heteroptera (Geocorisae) and its bearing on classification;Tijdschrift voor Entomologis 98 77–84

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Entomology, Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Post-Graduate Centre, 641 004, Coimbatore

    David Livingstone

Authors
  1. David Livingstone
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Livingstone, D. On the functional anatomy of the salivary systems ofPurana tigrina Walk. (Homoptera: Cicadidae). Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. 86, 255–263 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03050970

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03050970

Keywords

Search

Navigation