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On the structure and mechanism of the gastric mill in Decapoda

VI. The structure of the gastric mill in natantous macrura—Penæidea and Stenopidea; Conclusion

  • Published:
Proceedings / Indian Academy of Sciences

Summary

A brief description of the foregut inPenœus indicus and a comparative account of the same in the remaining types of Penæidea and Stenopidea examined by me has been given.

The structure of the gastric mill in the Decapoda conforms to a typical plan common to all species, the variations being due to the coalescence, reduction or disappearance of one or more ossicles; in those forms in which the gastric mill is reduced the homologies of the principal ossicles can be made out.

The various types of the gastric mills found in the Decapoda can be arranged in a series ranging from simple to complex.

The forms considered as “primitive” for taxonomic and other reasons possess a simple type of gastric mill as compared to the gastric mills in the more “advanced” forms. The evolution of the gastric mill closely follows the evolution of the Decapoda.

The efficiency of the gastric mill is correlated with the efficiency of the external masticatory apparatus, chiefly the mandibles, the mandibles being simple in the forms in which the gastric mill is complex andvice versa.

The reason for the presence of the internal masticatory apparatus in one case and of the external masticatory apparatus in the other can be found in the habit and habitat of the animals. Reptantous habit is associated with the possession of a complex gastric mill and simple mandibles and the Natantous habit, on the other hand, with the possession of a reduced gastric mill and complex mandibles.

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Abbreviations

a.g.m. :

Anterior gastric muscles

c. :

Carapace

c.p.v. :

Cardio-pyloric valve

f. :

Floor of cardiac stomach

fo. :

Fold of the lateral wall of cardiac stomach

i.l.c. :

Infero-lateral cardiac plate

m.c. :

Mesocardiac ossicle

m.f. :

Lateral fold of the floor of cardiac stomach

m.t. :

Median tooth

oes. :

Oesophagus

p. :

Pyloric ossicle

p.g.m. :

Posterior gastric muscles

p.p. :

Propyloric ossicle

p.s. :

Pyloric stomach

pt.c. :

Pterocardiac ossicle

t. :

Oesophageal teeth

u.c. :

Urocardiac ossicle

v. :

Valve at the opening of oesophagus into the cardiac stomach

z.c. :

Zygocardiac ossicle

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Zoology, College of Science, Nagpur

    S. S. Patwardhan

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  1. S. S. Patwardhan
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(Communicated by Prof. M. A. Moghe,m.a., m.sc., f.z.s.)

I am aware that the arrangement of groups of Decapoda followed in these papers is obsolete. It has been followed merely for the convenience of description.

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Patwardhan, S.S. On the structure and mechanism of the gastric mill in Decapoda. Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. 2, 155–174 (1935). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03050865

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