Abstract
The results of analysis of auditory brain-stem evoked responses (ABR) are reported in 173 patients with delayed speech (DS). The mean age of the patients is 4.6 years (age range from 1.4 years to 10 years). The patients were classified into 5 groups based on ABR findings:
Group I (62 patients) had normal hearing threshold and peak-interpeak latencies.The mean amplitude of wave I was however, not significantly low (P< 0.03).
Group II (27 patients) had an increased hearing threshold (40 dB), mild delay in the mean absolute peak latency of wave I (P< 0.3), decreased I-V (P< 0.30). There is also a significant latency delay (P< 0.001) and amplitude reduction (P< 0.05), when this wave is compared with that of Group I (as control). These observations are suggestive of mild degree of peripheral hearing deficit in this group.
Group III (49 patients) had gross ABR abnormalities of various nature and hence may be sub-grouped into (a) SNHL cochlear type (55%) (b) SNHL retrocochlear type (4%) and (c) severe degree of SNHL undecisive group (41%). Ten patients (2.7%) among the sub-group (a) had unilateral hearing loss and another 3 had Down’s syndrome.
Group IV (6 patients) had conductive deafness with increased hearing threshold and shifting of ABR waves towards right with normal I-V interval. It may be that conductive deafness is less important as a cause.
Group V (29 patients) had no responses at repeated ABR studies even at higher intensity of 95 dB, the ABR studies of this group correlates with the clinical evaluation of profound deafness.
The delayed speech development in 84 patients (from Group III, IV and V) may be caused by severe degree of hearing deficit as indicated by marked ABR abnormalities. If the mild peripheral hearing loss in Group II is added to the above groups, ABRs could identify 64.6% of our patients with hearing deficit. Hence, ABR test is most reliable and sensitive diagnostic test in detecting hearing loss, a common cause of delayed speech development in children.
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Husain, A. Auditory brain stem evoked responses (ABRS) in children with delayed speech (DS) a diagnostic problem. IJO & HNS 46, 191–196 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03048572
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03048572