Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Mitralklappenersatz im Rahmen von Reoperationen am Herzen

Mitral valve replacement as a cardiac reoperation Perioperative risk factors and results

Perioperative Risikofaktoren und Ergebnisse

  • Originalarbeit
  • Published:
Zeitschrift für Herz-,Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Im Zeitraum zwischen dem 1. 1. 1987 und dem 30. 6. 1994 erhielten insgesamt 267 Patienten in der Klinik für Thorax-, Herz- und Gefäßchirurgie der Medizinischen Hochschule Hannover einen Mitralklappenersatz als Zweiteingriff, nachdem diese bereits vorher einem Herzeingriff, in den meisten Fällen an der Mitralklappe, unterzogen worden waren. 23 klinische und hämodynamische Variablen wurden retrospektiv untersucht, um Einflußgrößen des Re-Eingriffes zu ermitteln. 160 (60%) Frauen und 107 (40%) Männer bildeten das Gesamtkollektiv. Das durchschnittliche Alter zum Zeitpunkt der Reoperation betrug 58,3±10,6 Jahre. Die operative Mortalität lag bei 8,2% (22 von 267 Patienten). Im Mittel waren zwischen Vor- und Reoperation 108,6±70,8 Monate vergangen. Eine Unterteilung in Untergruppen nach den begleitenden Prozeduren neben dem Mitralklappenersatz erbrachte keine signifikanten Unterschiede hinsichtlich der Mortalitätsrate.

Variablen mit univariater Signifikanz waren einAlter bei Reoperation über 65 Jahre (p=0,007), eine unterNotfallbedingungen durchgeführte Operation (p<0,0001), präoperativ überlebteMyokardinfarkte (p=0,019), eine präoperativ eingeschränkteNierenfunktion (p=0,047), ein präoperativ über 140 μmol/l erhöhterSerum-Kreatinin-Spiegel (p<0,0001), ein über 12 mmHg erhöhterlinksventrikulärer enddiastolischer Druck (p=0,043), derKatecholamin-Index (p<0,0001) sowie die postoperativen Komplikationenakutes Nierenversagen (p=0,03),Sepsis (p<0,0001) undlow-output-Syndrom (p<0,0001).

In der anschließenden für prä-, intra- und postoperative Variablen getrennt durchgeführten Multivarianzanalyse gingen dieNotfalloperation (p=0,006), derlinksventrikuläre enddiastolische Druck (p=0,05), dieOperationsdauer (p=0,0054), dieAortenklemmzeit (p=0,0061), derKatecholamin-Index (p=0,023), daslow-output-Syndrom (p<0,0001) sowie dieSepsis (p=0,02) als unabhängige Risikofaktoren hervor.

Summary

Since the introduction of the prosthetic heart valve replacement many studies identified risk factors affecting the early and late operative outcome, Improvement of the operative technique and prosthetic devices led to a continuously decreased operative mortality. At the same time an increasing number of patients are requiring reoperation. Mainly the bioprosthetic devices predominantly implanted in the seventies and eighties led to reoperations due to structural valve degeneration. This retrospective study was designed to identify risk factors of the perioperative period. Therefore, twenty-three clinical and hemodynamical variables were evaluated for their effect on the early operative outcome. 267 patients undergoing isolated or combined mitral valve replacement between January 1, 1987, and June 30, 1994, as a reoperation after previous intrapericardial surgery were included. In eighty percent of the population, bioprosthetic heart valves had been implanted at the time of the primary procedure. The mean age was 58.3±10.6 years. There were 160 females and 107 males, and the mean interval was 108.6±70.8 months. The operative mortality rate was 8.2% (22/267). A subdivision in groups with isolated MVR, combined MVR and AVR, combined MVR and tricuspid valve reconstruction, and MVR with complex procedures showed no significant differences.

In the univariate analysis age (>65; p=0.007), an emergency operation (p<0.0001), preoperative myocardial infarctions (p=0.019), an impaired renal function (p=0.047), creatinine blood levels >140 μmol/l (p<0.0001), a LVEDP>12 mmHg (p=0.043), a catecholamine-index (p<0.0001), the postoperative complications acute renal failure (ARF; p=0.03), low-outputsyndrome (LOS; p<0.0001), and sepsis (p<0.0001) were associated with operative mortality.

As independent risk factors we identified an emergency operation (p=0.006), the LVEDP>12 mmHg (p=0.05), the operation time (p=0.0045), the aortic cross clamping time (p=0.0061), the catecholamine-index (p=0.023), the LOS (p<0.0001), and a sepsis (p=0.02).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Literatur

  1. Antretter H, Cottogni M, Falbesoner Ch, Furtwängler W, Mair P, Falk M, Hutter J (1993) Bioprothesendegeneration in Aorten- und Mitralposition: Ergebnisse und Probleme aus kardiochirurgischer Sicht. Wien Med Wschr 143: 281

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Barnhorst DA, Oxman HA, Connolly DC, Pluth JR, Danielson GK, Wallace RB, McGoon DC (1976) Isolated replacement of the mitral valve with the Starr-Edwards prosthesis: An eleven-year review. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 71: 230

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Chaffin JS, Daggett WM (1979) Mitral valve replacement: A nine-year followup of risks and survival. Ann Thorac Surg 27: 312

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Dalby AJ, Firth BG, Forman R (1981) Pre-operative factors affecting the outcome of isolated mitral valve replacement: A 10 year review. Am J Cardiol 47: 826

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Fiane AE, Saatvedt K, Svennevig JL, Geiran O, Nordstrand K, Frøysaker T (1995) The Carbomedics valve: Midterm follow-up with analysis of risk factors. Ann Thorac Surg 60: 1053

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. He GW, Acuff TE, Ryan WH, Douthit MB, Bowman RT, He YH, Mack MJ (1994) Aortic valve replacement: Determinants of operative mortality. Ann Thorac Surg 57: 1140

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Livi U, Bortolotti U, Rizzoli G, Valfré C, Mazzucco A, Gallucci V (1982) Surgical treatment of patients with triple heart valve disease: Results and analysis of factors affecting the surgical outcome. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 30: 288

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Lytle BW, Cosgrove DM, Taylor PC, Gill CC, Goormastic M, Golding LR, Stewart RW, Loop FD (1984) Reoperations for valve surgery: Perioperative mortality and determinants of risk for 1000 patients, 1958–1984. Am J Cardiol 53: 1061

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Magovern JA, Pennock JL, Campbell DB, Pierce WS, Waldhausen JA (1985) Risk of mitral valve replacement and mitral valve replacement with coronary artery bypass. Ann Thorac Surg 39: 346

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Midell A, DeBoer A (1972) Multiple valve replacement: An analysis of early and late results. Ann Surg 104: 471

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Schwarz F, Böttger J, Ruffmann K, Scheurlen H, Olschewski M, Storch HH, Saggan W, Kübler W (1986) Determinanten der Langzeitprognose nach prothetischem Mitralklappenersatz. Z Kardiol 75: 646

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Scott WC, Miller DC, Haverich A, Mitchell RS, Oyer PE, Stinson EB, Jamieson SW, Baldwin JC, Shumway NE (1985) Operative risk of mitral valve replacement: Discriminant analysis of 1329 procedures. Circulation 72 (suppl II): II 108

    Google Scholar 

  13. Stähle E, Bergström R, Malm T, Nyström SO, Hansson HE (1991) Early results of mitral valve replacement. Scand J Thor Cardiovasc Surg 25: 179

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Nagib, R.M., Krieg, P., Fieguth, H.G. et al. Mitralklappenersatz im Rahmen von Reoperationen am Herzen. Z. Herz-, Thorax-, Gefäßchir. 11, 270–276 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03045202

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03045202

Schlüsselwörter

Key words

Navigation