Zusammenfassung
Bei 2788 Patienten, die im Zeitraum von 11/95 bis 4/97 an unserer Klinik am Herzen operiert wurden, sind 45 (1,6%) einer perkutanen Dilatations-Tracheotomie unterzogen worden. Die Indikationsstellung erfolgte ab dem zweiten postop. Tag, wenn eine Extubation in den nächsten Tagen nicht absehbar war. Die Tracheotomie erfolgte im Mittel am 6. postop. Tag, die Intubationsdauer lag im Mittel bei 13 Tagen. Wir sahen bei 5 Patienten insgesamt 6 Komplikationen (13,3%). Bei keiner der 45 durchgeführten Tracheotomien trat im weiteren Verlauf eine Mediastinitis oder eine Wundheilungsstörung im Bereich der Sternotomie auf. Es gab keinen Todesfall aufgrund der Tracheotomie. Klinisch evidente Auffälligkeiten im respiratorischen Bereich nach Extubation wurden nicht beobachtet. Die perkutane Dilatations-Tracheotomie ist frühoperativ nach herzchirurgischen Eingriffen eine schnelle, effiziente und risikoarme Methode. Die Methode ist unserer Ansicht nach der konventionellen chirurgischen Methode deutlich überlegen.
Summary
From 11/95 until 4/97, 45 percutaneous dilatational tracheotomies were performed in a nonselected patient series of 2788 open cardiac surgery cases. Tracheotomy was performed as early as postop. day 2 (mean 6), when extubation was not foreseen within the next few days. Duration of intubation was 13 days (mean). In five patients 6 complications (13,3%) were observed, including bleeding, misplacement of the tube, subcutaneous emphysema, and superficial infection of the tracheostoma. Mediastinitis and wound infection of the sternal wound did not occure in a single case. No death occured because of tracheotomy. Clinically evident tracheal stenosis and inadequate granulation of the stoma were not seen after extubation. In our opinion, percutaneous dilatational tracheotomy is feasible with good results and minimal risk early after cardiac surgery and is superior to standard surgical tracheotomy. Increasing incidence of mediastinitis was not seen.
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Rees, W., Hübner, N., Seufert, K. et al. Auswirkung der frühpostoperativen perkutanen Dilatations-Tracheotomie auf die Infektinzidenz nach herzchirurgischen Eingriffen. Z. Herz-, Thorax-, Gefäßchir. 11, 176–181 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03042298
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03042298