Abstract
One hundred and twenty healthy, elective surgical inpatients were randomly assigned to one of four groups. Between two and three hours before the scheduled time of surgery all patients ingested a marker dye, phenol red, 50 mg in 10 ml water, with placebo tablet alone (Groups 1 and 2), placebo tablet with 150 ml oral fluid (Group 3), or oral ranitidine 150 mg with oral fluid 150 ml (Group 4), Patients in Group 1 received oral diazepam orno premedication, while those in Groups 2, 3, and 4 received IM narcotic and atropine one hour preoperatively. Following induction of anaesthesia the residual gastric fluid was aspirated through a Salem sump tube and its volume, pH, and phenol red content measured. Mean volumes were Group 1: 24 ml; Group 2: 13 ml; Group 3: 17 ml; Group 4: 14 ml. Mean pH values were Group 1: 2.99; Group 2: 3.03; Group 3: 3.44; Group 4: 5.28. The amount of phenol red in the samples indicated at least 90 per cent gastric emptying had occurred in 90 per cent of patients. We conclude that, in healthy patients, 150 ml oralfluid is almost completely emptied from the stomach within two hours of ingestion, even when followed one hour later by narcoticatropine premedication.
Résumé
Cent vingt patients en bonne santé devant subir une chirurgie élective ont été, après randomisation, divisés en quatre groupes. Entre deux et trois heures avant la chirurgie tous les patients ont ingéré un marqueur, du phénol rouge, 50 mg dans 10 ml ďeau avec du placebo seul (Groupe 1 et 2), placebo et 150 ml de liquide (Groupe 3), ou de la ranitidine par voie orale 150 mg avec 150 mi de liquide (Groupe 4). Les patients du Groupe! ont reçu du diazépam par voie orale ou n’ont pas reçu de prémédication, alors que les patients du groupe 2, 3 et 4 ont reçu une injection intramusculaire de narcotiques additionnée ďatropine une heure avant ľopération. Après ľinduction de ľanesthésie le liquide gastrique résiduel était aspiré et son volume, pH, et le contenu du phénol rouge mesuré. Les volumes moyens étaient pour le Groupe 1: 24 ml; Groupe 2: 13 ml; Groupe 3:17 ml; Groupe 4:14 ml. Les valeurs moyennes du pH étaient Groupe 1: 2.99; Groupe 2: 3.03; Groupe 3: 3.44; Groupe 4: 5.28. La quantité de phénol dans les échantillons indiquaient qu’au moins 90 pour cent de vidange gastrique est survenue chez 90 pour cent des patients. On conclut que chez des patients en bonne santé, 150 ml de liquide ingesté par voie orale est presque complètement absorbé en dedans de deux heures même après avoir administré une prémédication au narcotiqueatropine.
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Maltby, J.R., Koehli, N., Ewen, A. et al. Gastric fluid volume pH, and emptying in elective inpatients Influences of narcoticatropine premedication oral fluid, and ranitidine. Can J Anaesth 35, 562–566 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03020340
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03020340