Abstract
Purpose: Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS) is an autosomal recessive syndrome characterized by congenital anomalies affecting the airway, cardiorespiratory, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, and central nervous systems. The presence of these anomalies as well as the potential for musde rigidity with or without hyperthermia present challenges to anesthesia. This report describes our institution’s experience with SLOS patients undergoing anesthesia in Canada.
Clinical features: Three patients diagnosed with SLOS at McMaster University underwent a total of five anesthetics for diagnostic imaging and surgical procedures. The age of the patients ranged from two months to four years. Four intravenous anesthetics and one balanced general anesthetic were administered. One patient was noted to have a diminished laryngoscopic view but no difficult intubations were encountered. One patient required re-intubation due to upper airway obstruction related to the surgical procedure in the postoperative period. No cardiovascular, respiratory, or temperature complications were experienced.
Conclusion: This report describes the anesthetic management in three patients with SLOS. Although the syndrome raises a number of potential anesthetic concerns, few complications were seen. This is consistent with other cases reported in the literature, which is reviewed in this report.
Résumé
Objectif: Le syndrome de Smith, Lemli et Opitz (SSLO) est un syndrome autosomique récessif rare caractérisé par des anomalies congénitales qui touchent les voies aériennes, les systèmes cardiorespiratoire, gastro-intestinal, génito-urinaire et nerveux central. La présence de ces anomalies de même qu’une possible rigidité musculaire avec ou sans hyperthermie compliquent l’anesthésie. Le présent article décrit l’expérience vécue dans notre institution avec des patients atteints du SSLO qui sont soumis à une anesthésie.
Éléments cliniques: Trois patients chez qui le SSLO a été diagnostiqué à l’université McMaster ont subi cinq anesthésies lors d’interventions en imagerie diagnostique et en chirurgie. Les patients étaient âgés de deux mois à quatre ans. Quatre anesthésies totalement intraveineuses et une anesthésie générale balancée ont été administrées. On a noté, chez un patient, une vue laryngoscopique limitée, mais sans difficultés d’intubation. Un patient a eu besoin d’une deuxième intubation après l’opération, à cause d’une obstruction des voies aériennes supérieures liée à la technique chirurgicale. Aucune complication cardiovasculaire, respiratoire ou liée à la température ne s’est présentée.
Conclusion: L’article décrit la gestion anesthésique de trois patients qui présentaient le SSLO. Même si le syndrome soulève de nombreuses questions anesthésiques potentielles, peu de complications ont été observées. Cette situation cadre bien avec d’autres cas mentionnés dans la documentation, laquelle est revue dans cette présentation.
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Choi, P.T.L., Nowaczyk, M.J.M. Anesthetic considerations in Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome. Can J Anesth 47, 556–561 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03018947
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03018947