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Le déplstage du cancer colorectal par la recherche d'un saignement occulte dans les selles, dans la population à risque moyen

Screening for colorectal cancer with occult blood test in the average risk population

  • Published:
Acta Endoscopica

Résumé

Dans l'état actuel de nos connaissances, seule une stratégie de dépistage du cancer colorectal, alors qu'il est encore asymptomatique, peut faire évoluer à court terme le grave problème que pose ce cancer. Les études cas-témoin et les études randomisées indiquent qu'il est possible de diminuer la mortalité par cancer colorectal par la recherche d'un saignement occulte dans les selles. Toutes les études ont évalué le test Hémoccult, fait tous les 2 ans entre 50 et 74 ans, suivi d'une coloscopie en cas de test positif. Pour obtenir une diminution de mortalité, la participation doit se situer entre 50 et 60% à la première campagne et rester élevée lors des campagnes ultérieures. La diminution de la mortalité dans les programmes organisés et évalués se situe entre 15 et 20%. Malgré la limitation des tests actuels il est temps que le dépistage du cancer colorectal devienne une réalité.

Summary

Considering the present state of knowledge, only the strategy of screening for intestinal tumours at their asymptotic stage could reduce a problem such as colorectal cancer. Case-control studies and randomised studies indicate that it is possible to reduce mortality from colorectal cancer in people who accept screening with faecal occult blood testing. Population based studies rely on biennial Hemoccult test in subjects between 50 and 74 and total colonoscopy in case of positive test. To be effective on colorectal cancer mortality compliance has to be between 50% and 60% in the first screening campaign and to remain high in succeeding campaigns. The decrease in colorectal cancer mortality in organised programs with quality insurance at all levels is situated between 15% and 20%. The time has come to implement population-based faecal occult blood screening despite current limitations of available tests.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Registre Bourguignon des Cancers Digestifs EPI-INSERM-InVS et EPI 106, Faculté de Médecine, BP 87900, 21079, Dijon, (France)

    Catherine Lejeune, V. Dancourt & J. Faivre

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  1. Catherine Lejeune
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  2. V. Dancourt
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  3. J. Faivre
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Lejeune, C., Dancourt, V. & Faivre, J. Le déplstage du cancer colorectal par la recherche d'un saignement occulte dans les selles, dans la population à risque moyen. Acta Endosc 32, 585–592 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03018869

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03018869

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