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Pheochromocytoma and pregnancy: a case report and review of anesthetic management
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  • Obstetrical and Pediatric Anesthesia
  • Published: February 2004

Pheochromocytoma and pregnancy: a case report and review of anesthetic management

Phéochromocytome et grossesse. Exposé d’un cas et revue de la démarche anesthésique

  • Geoff Dugas1,
  • John Fuller1,
  • Sudha Singh1 &
  • …
  • James Watson1 

Canadian Journal of Anesthesia volume 51, pages 134–138 (2004)Cite this article

  • 1511 Accesses

  • 37 Citations

  • 1 Altmetric

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Abstract

Purpose

To describe a patient diagnosed with pheochromocytoma in the third trimester of pregnancy and discuss the perioperative and anesthetic management.

Clinical features

A 32-yr-old previously healthy woman (gravida 4, para 2) presented to our tertiary care obstetrical hospital at 34 weeks five days gestation with a history of labile blood pressure and severe hypertension. A week prior to admission she began having episodes of severe headache, dizziness, sweating and nausea. On a routine obstetric visit she was noted to be severely hypertensive with a blood pressure of 200/120 mmHg. Biochemical investigations confirmed the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a 3 cm × 3 cm right adrenal mass. The patient was invasively monitored in the intensive care unit and treated with alpha-followed by beta-blockade with phenoxybenzamine and metoprolol. A multidisciplinary conference was organized involving endocrinology, anesthesiology, general surgery and obstetrics to determine the most appropriate management of the patient. An uncomplicated laparoscopic adrenalectomy was performed following a period of recovery after an uneventful elective Cesarean delivery.

Conclusions

The primary goals in the management of pheochromocytoma in pregnancy are early diagnosis, avoidance of a hypertensive crisis during delivery and definitive surgical treatment. Timing of surgical resection will depend on the gestational age at which diagnosis is made. Cesarean section is the preferred mode of delivery when the tumour is still present. This case illustrates that with antenatal diagnosis, advanced methods of tumour localization, adequate preoperative adrenergic blockade and team planning, pheochromocytoma in pregnancy can be treated successfully.

Résumé

Objectif

Présenter une patiente chez qui on a découvert un phéochromocytome au troisième trimestre de la grossesse, et son traitement périopératoire et anesthésique.

Éléments cliniques

Une femme de 32 ans, antérieurement en bonne santé (G4, P2) s’est présentée à notre hôpital obstétrical de soins tertiaires à 34 semaines et cinq jours de grossesse. Elle avait une histoire de tension artérielle labile et de sévère hypertension. Une semaine avant l’hospitalisation, elle a eu des épisodes de céphalées sévères, étourdissements, transpiration et nausées. Lors d’une visite obstétricale de routine, une tension artérielle de 200/120 mmHg avait indiqué une hypertension importante. Les examens biochimiques ont confirmé le diagnostic de phéochromocytome et l’imagerie par résonance magnétique a montré une masse surrénalienne droite de 3 cm × 3 cm. La patiente, sous monitorage effractifà l’unité des soins intensifs, a reçu des alpha-bloqueurs, puis des bêta-bloqueurs combinés à de la phénoxybenzamine et à du métoprolol. Une réunion des endocrinologue, anesthésiologiste, chirurgien général et obstétricien a permis de déterminer le traitement le plus approprié. Une surrénalectomie laparoscopique sans complications a été exécutée après que la patiente a été remise de la césarienne sans incident réalisée auparavant.

Conclusions

Le traitement d’un phéochromocytome pendant la grossesse visent à établir un diagnostic précoce, à empêcher une crise hypertensive pendant l’accouchement et à procéder à l’intervention chirurgicale définitive. Le moment choisi pour la résection dépend de l’âge gestationnel au moment du diagnostic. La césarienne est le mode d’accouchement privilégié lorsque la tumeur est toujours présente. Le cas présent montre que le diagnostic prénatal, des méthodes perfectionnées de localisation de la tumeur, un bloc adrénergique préopératoire adéquat et une planification multidisciplinaire permettent de traiter avec succès un phéochromocytome pendant la grossesse.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, St. Joseph’s Health Care, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada

    Geoff Dugas, John Fuller, Sudha Singh & James Watson

Authors
  1. Geoff Dugas
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  2. John Fuller
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  3. Sudha Singh
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  4. James Watson
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to John Fuller.

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Dugas, G., Fuller, J., Singh, S. et al. Pheochromocytoma and pregnancy: a case report and review of anesthetic management. Can J Anesth 51, 134–138 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03018772

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  • Accepted: 13 November 2003

  • Issue Date: February 2004

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03018772

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Keywords

  • Remifentanil
  • Cesarean Delivery
  • Adrenal Mass
  • Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy
  • Phaeochromocytoma
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