Abstract
Purpose
Intrathecal morphine and psoas compartment block represent two accepted techniques to provide postoperative analgesia after hip arthroplasty. We designed a prospective, randomized, single-blinded study to compare these two techniques.
Methods
Patients scheduled for primary hip arthroplasty under general anesthesia were randomized to receive either an intrathecal administration of 0.1 mg morphine (Group I,n = 27) or a psoas compartment block with ropivacaine 0.475% 25 mL (Group II,n = 26). Pain scores, morphine consumption, associated side-effects were assessed for 48 hr postoperatively. In addition, patient’s acceptance and satisfaction of the postoperative analgesic technique were also recorded.
Results
During the first 24 hr, pain scores (3.3 ± 9.6 mm vs 22.8 ± 27.1 at H+6, 3.3 ± 8.3 mm vs 25 ± 26.7 mm at H+ 12, 7 ± 14.9 mm vs 21.9 ± 29 mm at H+18) and morphine consumption (0.56 ± 2.12 mg vs 9.42 ± 10.13 mg) were lower in Group I than in Group II. Urinary retention was the more frequent side-effect occurring in 37% of cases in Group I vs 11.5% in Group II (P < 0.05). No major complication occurred. Despite better analgesia provided by the use of intrathecal morphine, there was no difference in the satisfaction scores between groups.
Conclusion
0.1 mg intrathecal morphine administration provides better postoperative analgesia than single-shot psoas compartment block after primary hip arthroplasty.
Résumé
Objectif
La rachianalgésie morphinique et le bloc du plexus lombaire par voie postérieure sont deux techniques adéquates pour assurer l’analgésie postopératoire après la mise en place d’une prothèse totale de hanche. Dans cette étude, ces deux techniques sont comparées de manière prospective, randomisée et simple aveugle.
Méthode
Avant l’anesthésie générale, les patients étaient tirés au sort pour recevoir soit une injection intrathécale lombaire de 0,1 mg de morphine (Groupe I, n = 27), soit un bloc du plexus lombaire par voie postérieure avec injection unique de 25 mL de ropivacaïne à 0,475 % (Groupe II, n = 26). Les scores de douleur, la consommation de morphine et les effets secondaires étaient évalués pendant les 48 premières heures postopératoires. De plus, l’acceptation par le patient de la technique analgésique et sa satisfaction pour la prise en charge de la douleur postopératoire étaient également comparées.
Résultats
Dans les 24 premières heures, les scores de douleur (3,3 ± 9,6 mm vs 22,8 ±27,1 à H+6; 3,3 ± 8,3 mm vs 25 ± 26,7 mm à H+12; 7 ± 14,9 mm vs 21,9 ± 29 mm à H+18) et la consommation de morphine (0,56 ± 2,12 mg vs 9,42 ± 10,13 mg) étaient significativement moins élevés dans le Groupe I que dans le Groupe II. La rétention urinaire était plus fréquente dans le Groupe I (37 % vs 11,5 %). Aucune complication grave n’est survenue. En dépit d’une meilleure analgésie procurée par la rachianalgésie morphinique, la satisfaction était comparable dans les deux groupes.
Conclusion
La conclusion principale de cette étude est que la rachianalgésie morphinique procure une meilleure analgésie postopératoire que le bloc du plexus lombaire par voie postérieure en injection unique après la mise en place d’une prothèse totale de hanche.
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Souron, V., Delaunay, L. & Schifrine, P. Intrathecal morphine provides better postoperative analgesia than psoas compartment block after primary hip arthroplasty. Can J Anesth 50, 574–579 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03018643
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03018643