Abstract
Purpose
To clarify the appropriate concentration and dose of hypertonic saline solution (HSS) for preventing delayed neuronal death in the hippocampal CAI subfield after transient forebrain ischemia in gerbils.
Methods
Thirty gerbils were randomly assigned to five groups: physiological saline solution (PSS) group, ischemia/reperfusion treated with PSS 2 mL·kg−1; 5% HSS group, treated with 5% HSS 2 mL·kg−1; 7.5% HSS group, treated with 7.5% HSS 2 mL·kg−1; 10% HSS group, treated with 10% HSS 2 mL·kg−1; 20% HSS group, treated with 20% HSS 2 mL·kg−1. Transient forebrain ischemia was induced by occluding the bilateral common carotid arteries for four minutes. Five days later, histopathological changes in the hippocampal area were examined, and the degenerative ratio of the pyramidal cells were measured according to the following formula: (number of degenerative pyramidal cells/total number of pyramidal cells per 1 mm of hippocampal CAI subfield) × 100.
Results
In PSS and 20% groups, neuronal cell damage was observed five days after ischemia. In the other three groups, these changes were not observed. The degenerative ratios of pyramidal cells were as follows; PSS group: 9 1.6 ± 5.6%, 5% HSS group: 7.2 ± 1.6%, 7.5% group: 8.3 ± 1.4%, 10% HSS group: 6.2 ± 1.1%, 20% HSS group: 85.8 ± 8.7% (P < 0.05; PSS and 20% HSSvs three other groups).
Conclusion
This study demonstrates that 5, 7.5 or 10% HSS 2 mL·kg−1 may prevent delayed neuronal death in the hippocampal CAI subfield after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in gerbils.
Résumé
Objectif
Déterminer la concentration et la dose appropriées de solution saline hypertonique (SSH) nécessaire pour empêcher la mort neuronale différée dans le sous-champ hippocampique CAI à la suite d’une ischémie transitoire du cerveau antérieur chez des gerbilles.
Méthode
Trente gerbilles ont été réparties au hasard en cinq groupes: SPS recevant une solution physiologique salée (SPS), l’ischémie/reperfusion a été traitée avec 2 mL·kg−1 de SPS; SSH à 5 %, traité avec 2 mL·kg−1 de SSH à 5 %; SSH à 7,5 % traité avec 2 mL·kg−1 de SSH à 7,5 %; SSH à 10% traité avec 2 mL·kg−1 de SSH à 10 5% et enfin, le groupe SSH à 20 % recevant 2 mL·kg−1 de SSH à 20 %. L’ischémie transitoire du cerveau antérieur a été induite par l’occlusion des artères carotides communes bilatérales pendant quatre minutes. Cinq jours plus tard, les modifications histopathologiques de l’aire hippocampique ont été examinées et le taux de cellules pyramidales dégénératives a été mesuré selon la formule suivante: (le nombre de cellules pyramidales dégénératives/le nombre total de cellules pyramidales par mm de souschamp hippocampique CAI) × 100.
Résultats
Des altérations des cellules neuronales ont été observées cinq jours après l’ischémie dans les groupes SPS et SSH à 20 % mais non dans les trois autres groupes. Les ratios de cellules pyramidales dégénératives ont été dans le groupe SPS: 91,6 ± 5,6 %; dans le groupe SSH à 5%: 7,2 ± 1,6%; dans le groupe SSH à 7,5 %: 8,3 ± 1,4 %; dans le groupe SSH à 10%: 6,2 ± 1,1 % et dans le groupe SSH à 20%: 85,8 ± 8,7 % (P < 0,05; les groupes SPS et SSH à 20 %vs les trois autres groupes).
Conclusion
Cette étude démontre que 2 mL·kg−1 de SSH à 5, 7,5 ou 10 % peuvent empêcher la mort neuronale différée dans le souschamp hippocampique CAI à la suite d’une ischémie/reperfusion chez des gerbilles.
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Hamaguchi, S., Okuda, Y., Kitajima, T. et al. Five percent, 7.5% or 10% hypertonic saline prevents delayed neuronal death in gerbils. Can J Anesth 49, 745–748 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03017456
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03017456