Abstract
The frequency of AIDS in the paediatric population is growing rapidly and is expected to get worse. The anaesthetist will participate in the care of these children in the operating room and the intensive care unit with increasing frequency and must therefore have an understanding of the many manifestations of this syndrome. Children become infected with HIV by transplacental transmission from mother to fetus in over 80% of cases. Early diagnosis in infants can be very difficult. Clinical manifestations of HIV infection in children result from damage to almost every organ system. Considerations for the anaesthetist include: the effects of medications, cardiovascular dysfunction, pulmonary disease, altered metabolism, equipment preparation, choice of anaesthetic, modes of viral transmission and psycho-social issues.
Résumé
La fréquence du SIDA chez la population pédiatrique est en croissance et l’on ne s’attend pas à une diminution. L’anesthésiste participera aux soins de ces enfants en salle d’opération et aux soins intensifs de plus en plus fréquemment et doit ainsi comprendre les diverses manifestations de ce syndrome. Les enfants s’infectent avec le HIV par transmission transplacentaire dans plus de 80% des cas. Le diagnostic précoce chez les bébés peut être très difficile. Les manifestations cliniques de I’infection à l’HIV chez les enfants amènent des lésions dans presque tous les systèmes. Les considérations pour l’anesthésiste incluent: les effets de la médication, la dysfonction cardiovasculaire, les maladies pulmonaires, l’altération du métabolisme, la préparation de l’équipement, le choix de l’anesthésique, les modes de la transmission virale et les problèmes psychosociaux.
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Schwartz, D., Schwartz, T., Cooper, E. et al. Anaesthesia and the child with HIV infection. Can J Anaesth 38, 626–633 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03008200
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03008200