Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the effects of trimethaphan-induced hypotension on renal function in healthy young patients undergoing maxillofacial surgery. Anaesthesia was induced with thiopentone and was maintained with halothane 1.5-2.0 per cent in oxygen. Each patient served as his own control, and data were analyzed using the paired t-test. Trimethaphan was infused at a rate of 45-52 [xg-kg-lmin-1 for an average hypotensive period of 53 ± 4 (mean ± SEM) minutes to reduce the mean arterial pressure (MAP) to 49 ± 2 torr. Endogenous creatinine clearance, urinary Po2, sodium reabsorption rate (TNa), and serum and urine osmolalities were determined before, during and after arterial hypotension with trimethaphan. Urine flow averaged 2.9 ± 1 ml/min during the period of hypotension. Endogenous creatinine clearance and TNa were significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in the hypotensive period. These values returned to normal levels within one hour upon discontinuation of trimethaphan and restoration of blood pressure. We found no statistical difference in urine Po2, and serum and urine osmolalities during control, hypotensive and recovery periods. These results suggest that medullary renal tissue oxygenation, an index of tissue viability, may have remained adequate despite a significant reduction in endogenous creatinine clearance during the hypotensive period. Furthermore, it appears that the effect of trimethaphan-induced hypotension on renal function is similar to the sodium nitro-prusside-induced hypotension in man which we have reported previously.
Résumé
Cette étude aé6lé entreprise dans le but d’évaluer le retentissement de l’hypotension produite par le trimetaphan (TMP) sur la fonction résale de jeunes adultes en bon état subissant une intervention maxillo-faciale. L’anesthésie a été induite au thiopentone et maintenue à l’halothane 1.5-2.0 pour cent dans l’oxygène. Chaque patient était son propre contrôle et les données ont été analysées avec le test de Student. Le TMP a été perfusé#x00E9; à la vitesse de 45-52ing-kg--min-1 pour une durée moyenne d’hypotension de 53 ± 4 (moyenne ± SEM) minutes de façbaisser la pression artérielle moyenne à 49 ± 2 torr. La clairance de Iacréatinine endogène, la Po2 urinaire, la vitesse de réabsorbtion au sodium (TNa) et l’osmolalité urinaire et sérique ont été déterminées avant, pendant et après l’hypotension au TMP. Le débit urinaire était en moyenne de 2.9 ± 1 ml/min pendant la période d’hypotension. La clairance de la créatinine endogène et laT Na se sont abaissées de facçon significative (P < 0.05) pendant la péiiode hypotensive. II n’y a eu de différence significative dans la P02 urinaire et les osmolalités sérique et urinaire pendant la période de contrôle, d’hypotension et de recouvrement. Ces résultats suggèrent que l’index de viabilité du tissus rénal qu’est I’oxygénation médullaire pourrait être adéquat malgré une baisse significative de la clairance de la créatinine endogène pendant la période hypotensive. De plus, il semble que le retentissement de l’hypotension produite par le TMP sur la fonction résale est identique à celle produite chez 1’homme par le nitroprussiate de soude.
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Behnia, R., Martin, A., Koushanpour, E. et al. Trimethaphan-induced hypotension: effect on renal function. Canad. Anaesth. Soc. J. 29, 581–586 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03007745
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03007745