Summary
In a randomized double-blind trial a total of 50 consenting patients scheduled for elective surgical operations were given multiple intravenous doses of butorphanol tartrate or morphine sulphate in combination with other agents to evaluate and compare the efficacy of these drugs in balanced anaesthesia.
Equipotent doses of butorphanol tartrate (mean dose 2,0 mg) or morphine sulphate (10 mg) and thiopentone were employed as induction agents followed by the standardized use of muscle relaxants to facilitate tracheal intubation. Butorphanol tartrate or morphine sulphate were then employed during maintenance of anaesthesia in repeated intravenous doses, averaging butorphanol 4.6 mg and morphine 22.8 mg per patient. Evaluation of anaesthesia showed that induction and course were smooth in 96 per cent of the patients receiving butorphanol tartrate and in 84 percent of patients receiving morphine sulphate. The analgesic action of butorphanol appeared in every respect to approximate that of morphine sulphate, with negligible side-effects. The data demonstrate that butorphanol is a useful analgesic for use in a balanced anaesthesia technique with a low side-effect incidence.
Résumé
Le tartrate de butorphanol et le sulfate de morphine ont été comparés chez 50 patients soumis à une chirurgie majeure sous anesthésie balancée, au cours ďune étude à double insu. Des doses de puissance équivalente, soit 2 mg de butorphanol et 10 mg de morphine, ont été administrées par voie intraveineuse, deux ou trois minutes avant une dose hypnotique de thiopenthal et un curarisant pour ľintubation. Puis, ľun ou ľautre des narcotiques ont été utilisés en closes fractionnées au besoin, pour supplémenter le protoxyde ďazote et les curarisants (doses moyennes totales: 4.64 mg de butorphanol par patient versus 22.8 mg pour la morphine).
Ľinduction a été jugée facile et sans problèmes chez 96% des malades ayant reçu du butorphanol et chez 84% de ceux du groupe à qui ľon a administré de la morphine. De même, on a jugé que le maintien de ľanesthésie était satisfaisant et sans problème chez tous les patients du groupe “butorphanol” et chez 95% de ceux du groupe “morphine”. Ľnalgésie produite par le butorphanol a semblé équivalente à celle produite par la morphine. Les effets secondaires ont été minimes.
Nos résultats démontrent que le butorphanol peut être un agent utile au cours ďanesthésies balancées, avec une basse incidence ďeffets secondaires.
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From the Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital of St. Raphael, New Haven, Connecticut.
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Pizzo, A.D. A double-blind study of the effects of butorphanol compared with morphine in balanced anaesthesia. Canad. Anaesth. Soc. J. 25, 392–397 (1978). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03006568
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03006568